﻿542 
  Forty-seventh 
  Report 
  on 
  the 
  State 
  Museum. 
  

  

  nearly 
  surrounded 
  by 
  high 
  cliffs 
  of 
  Shawangunk 
  grit 
  which 
  

   present 
  great 
  variety 
  of 
  form. 
  

  

  The 
  cliffs 
  on 
  the 
  surface 
  of 
  the 
  mountain 
  are 
  of 
  various 
  lengths 
  

   and 
  heights, 
  and 
  they 
  are 
  bounded 
  for 
  the 
  most 
  part 
  by 
  joint 
  

   cracks. 
  They 
  face 
  approximately 
  east 
  or 
  west 
  along 
  the 
  principal 
  

   joints 
  and 
  north 
  or 
  south 
  along 
  cross 
  joints, 
  but 
  there 
  are 
  some 
  in 
  

   other 
  directions. 
  They 
  are 
  usually 
  in 
  irregular 
  steps 
  on 
  slopes 
  

   and 
  face 
  each 
  other 
  and 
  inclose 
  depressions 
  of 
  various 
  and 
  vary- 
  

   ing 
  widths 
  on 
  the 
  plateaus. 
  They 
  are 
  seldom 
  continuous 
  for 
  over 
  

   a 
  few 
  yards 
  and 
  merge 
  into 
  slopes 
  or 
  planes. 
  The 
  grits 
  nearly 
  

   everywhere 
  present 
  a 
  basined 
  surface. 
  The 
  basins 
  are 
  depressed 
  

   an 
  inch 
  or 
  two 
  below 
  the 
  general 
  level 
  and 
  are 
  of 
  various 
  sizes 
  

   and 
  shapes. 
  They 
  usually 
  contain 
  pools 
  of 
  water 
  and 
  some 
  sand 
  

   and 
  pebble 
  detritus. 
  They 
  are 
  mostly 
  smooth 
  and 
  even 
  polished, 
  

   and 
  all 
  over 
  the 
  mountain, 
  but 
  particularly 
  on 
  its 
  western 
  slope, 
  

   a 
  large 
  portion 
  of 
  the 
  surface 
  of 
  the 
  grit 
  is 
  smoothed 
  or 
  

   polished. 
  These 
  features 
  are 
  everywhere 
  intimately 
  associated 
  

   with 
  glacial 
  scratchings 
  and 
  scorings 
  and 
  are 
  probably 
  due 
  to 
  

   glacial 
  action. 
  

  

  The 
  corrugations 
  in 
  the 
  general 
  monocline 
  of 
  the 
  mountain 
  are 
  

   a 
  series 
  of 
  anticlines 
  and 
  synclines 
  which 
  traverse 
  the 
  range 
  

   diagonally 
  from 
  north-northeast 
  to 
  south- 
  south 
  west 
  and 
  begin 
  in 
  

   succession 
  from 
  northeast 
  to 
  southwest, 
  their 
  axis 
  rising 
  gradu- 
  

   ally 
  to 
  the 
  southward. 
  Mather 
  has 
  suggested 
  that 
  the 
  great 
  cliffs 
  

   of 
  the 
  regions 
  are 
  due 
  to 
  faults, 
  but 
  I 
  find 
  this 
  is 
  not 
  the 
  case. 
  

   Only 
  one 
  fault 
  was 
  found 
  and 
  this 
  was 
  the 
  small 
  overthrust 
  of 
  

   the 
  Rosendale 
  region. 
  There 
  are 
  many 
  slight 
  faults 
  * 
  of 
  a 
  few 
  

   inches 
  or 
  feet, 
  but. 
  they 
  appear 
  to 
  be 
  entirely 
  in 
  the 
  grit. 
  

   Begininng 
  at 
  the 
  northern 
  end 
  of 
  the 
  range 
  the 
  principal 
  

   feature 
  is 
  the 
  anticlinal 
  which 
  brings 
  up 
  the 
  cement 
  beds 
  

   between 
  Rosendale 
  and 
  Whiteport, 
  as 
  described 
  in 
  a 
  preceding 
  

   chapter. 
  South 
  of 
  RondouL 
  creek, 
  opposite 
  Rosendale, 
  the 
  

   upward 
  pitch 
  of 
  this 
  flexure 
  increases 
  rapidly 
  and 
  the 
  Shawan- 
  

   gunk 
  grit 
  soon 
  rises 
  into 
  a 
  ridge 
  of 
  considerable 
  altitude. 
  In 
  a 
  

   short 
  distance 
  from 
  the 
  creek 
  the 
  grits 
  are 
  eroded 
  from 
  the 
  

   crown 
  of 
  the 
  arch, 
  and 
  to 
  the 
  southward 
  the 
  underlying 
  shales 
  

   constitute 
  a 
  series 
  of 
  high 
  hills 
  extending 
  along 
  the 
  center 
  of 
  the 
  

   mountain. 
  The 
  occurrence 
  of 
  these 
  high 
  hills 
  of 
  soft 
  rock 
  is 
  a 
  

  

  