﻿Report 
  of 
  the 
  State 
  Geologist. 
  543 
  

  

  striking 
  feature. 
  Their 
  existence 
  is 
  due 
  to 
  the 
  former 
  protection 
  

   of 
  the 
  arch 
  of 
  Shawangunk 
  grit 
  by 
  which 
  they 
  were 
  originally 
  

   covered. 
  The 
  grit 
  in 
  the 
  flanks 
  of 
  this 
  arch 
  extends 
  down 
  

   the 
  slopes 
  of 
  the 
  mountain 
  where 
  it 
  dips 
  beneath 
  the 
  overlying 
  

   formations 
  in 
  the 
  valley 
  on 
  the 
  west 
  side, 
  and 
  extends 
  

   nearly 
  or 
  quite 
  to 
  the 
  base 
  on 
  the 
  east 
  side. 
  One 
  mile 
  and 
  

   a 
  half 
  south 
  of 
  Eosendale 
  the 
  mountain 
  has 
  the 
  structure 
  shown 
  

   in 
  the 
  first 
  section 
  on 
  plate 
  12, 
  in 
  which 
  it 
  will 
  be 
  seen 
  that 
  the 
  

   sheet 
  of 
  grit 
  lying 
  along 
  the 
  eastern 
  slope 
  of 
  the 
  mountain 
  is 
  

   considerably 
  corrugated. 
  This 
  corrugation 
  consists 
  in 
  the 
  main 
  

   of 
  a 
  western 
  limb 
  dipping 
  more 
  or 
  less 
  steeply 
  eastward 
  and 
  a 
  

   shallow 
  synclinal, 
  which, 
  at 
  one 
  point, 
  holds 
  a 
  small 
  area 
  of 
  the 
  

   cement 
  series. 
  At 
  the 
  southern 
  end 
  of 
  this 
  cement 
  area 
  there 
  is 
  

   a 
  very 
  abrupt 
  am 
  iclinal 
  crumple 
  in 
  the 
  synclinal 
  which 
  extends 
  

   but 
  a 
  short 
  distance 
  in 
  either 
  direction 
  and 
  then 
  flattens 
  out 
  into 
  

   the 
  general 
  flexure. 
  The 
  fault 
  extends 
  from 
  the 
  E-osendale 
  

   cement 
  region 
  and 
  gives 
  rise 
  to 
  a 
  sharp 
  ridge 
  which 
  continues 
  to 
  

   the 
  first 
  road 
  across 
  the 
  mountain, 
  beyond 
  which 
  it 
  dies 
  out. 
  

   Along 
  the 
  eastern 
  face 
  of 
  the 
  eastern 
  range 
  of 
  the 
  mountain 
  the 
  

   dips 
  are 
  in 
  greater 
  part 
  gently 
  to 
  the 
  westward. 
  Along 
  the 
  rail- 
  

   road 
  they 
  are 
  twenty 
  degrees 
  and 
  this 
  is 
  the 
  average 
  for 
  some 
  

   distance 
  ; 
  on 
  the 
  first 
  road 
  across 
  the 
  mountain 
  the 
  dips 
  are 
  ^ixty 
  

   degrees, 
  but 
  this 
  steep 
  dip 
  soon 
  gives 
  place 
  to 
  inclinations 
  of 
  not 
  

   over 
  ten, 
  and 
  toward 
  the 
  southern 
  end 
  of 
  the 
  ridge 
  the 
  synclinal 
  

   dies 
  out 
  and 
  there 
  is 
  a 
  general, 
  very 
  gentle 
  dip 
  to 
  the 
  east. 
  This 
  

   grit 
  area 
  lying 
  along 
  the 
  eastern 
  slope 
  of 
  the 
  mountain 
  terminates 
  

   very 
  abruptly 
  southward 
  in 
  a 
  line 
  of 
  cliffs, 
  and 
  owing 
  to 
  a 
  general 
  

   pitch 
  which 
  has 
  carried 
  the 
  beds 
  upward 
  to 
  the 
  south, 
  these 
  have 
  

   great 
  elevation. 
  The 
  cliffs 
  are 
  known 
  as 
  Buntico 
  point 
  and 
  it 
  is 
  

   one 
  of 
  the 
  most 
  prominent 
  topographic 
  features 
  in 
  the 
  region. 
  

   Its 
  principal 
  relations 
  are 
  shown 
  in 
  plate 
  13. 
  

  

  In 
  this 
  plate 
  there 
  is 
  shown 
  the 
  end 
  of 
  the 
  narrow 
  Shawangunk 
  

   grit 
  area, 
  and 
  a 
  portion 
  of 
  its 
  eastern 
  face 
  which 
  extends 
  diagon- 
  

   ally 
  down 
  and 
  along 
  the 
  slope 
  of 
  the 
  mountain 
  to 
  the 
  right. 
  

   It 
  is 
  terminated 
  on 
  all 
  sides 
  by 
  cliffs, 
  under 
  which 
  the 
  Hudson 
  

   river 
  shales 
  appear, 
  and 
  these 
  shales 
  constitute 
  the 
  high 
  hills 
  

   of 
  the 
  center 
  of 
  the 
  mountain 
  to 
  the 
  left, 
  over 
  which 
  the 
  grit 
  

  

  