﻿Report 
  of 
  the 
  State 
  Geologist. 
  555 
  

  

  beds 
  of 
  the 
  former 
  are 
  dark 
  quartzitic 
  sandstones, 
  which 
  give 
  

   rise 
  to 
  a 
  falls 
  at 
  this 
  point. 
  The 
  basal 
  portions 
  of 
  the 
  limestone 
  

   do 
  not 
  contain 
  the 
  thick 
  beds 
  of 
  passage 
  which 
  exist 
  further 
  

   north, 
  but 
  it 
  gives 
  place 
  very 
  abruptly 
  to 
  the 
  sandstones. 
  

   About 
  Wawarsing 
  there 
  are 
  a 
  number 
  of 
  exposures 
  of 
  several 
  

   formations- 
  Along 
  the 
  turnpike 
  a 
  mile 
  east 
  of 
  the 
  village 
  there 
  

   is 
  an 
  outcrop 
  of 
  the 
  lower 
  beds 
  of 
  the 
  Esopus 
  formation. 
  They 
  

   are 
  black 
  slates, 
  separating 
  along 
  cleavage 
  planes 
  dipping 
  

   steeply 
  to 
  the 
  eastward. 
  Their 
  bedding 
  is 
  obscured 
  by 
  this 
  

   cleavage, 
  but 
  it 
  may 
  be 
  seen 
  in 
  some 
  portions 
  of 
  the 
  exposure 
  

   dipping 
  steeply 
  to 
  the 
  westward. 
  On 
  the 
  east 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  road 
  

   the 
  Oriskany 
  formation 
  is 
  exposed 
  in 
  a 
  low 
  knoll; 
  it 
  is 
  a 
  silicious 
  

   limestone 
  ten 
  to 
  fifteen 
  feet 
  thick, 
  dipping 
  west-northwest 
  

   thirty-five 
  degrees. 
  At 
  the 
  road 
  forks 
  the 
  Onondaga 
  lime- 
  

   stone 
  appears 
  and 
  is 
  quarried 
  and 
  burnt 
  at 
  this 
  point. 
  Forty 
  

   feet 
  of 
  this 
  formation 
  are 
  exposed 
  in 
  this 
  quarry, 
  but 
  there 
  are 
  

   more 
  beds 
  of 
  it 
  under 
  the 
  drift 
  on 
  either 
  side. 
  It 
  is 
  again 
  

   seen 
  at 
  Napanoch 
  in 
  a 
  quarry 
  out 
  in 
  the 
  meadow 
  east 
  of 
  the 
  

   turnpike. 
  Here 
  it 
  originally 
  came 
  to 
  the 
  surface 
  in 
  a 
  small 
  knoll, 
  

   and 
  it 
  is 
  said 
  that 
  there 
  are 
  several 
  similar 
  small 
  c 
  ho 
  wings 
  in 
  the 
  

   neighborhood. 
  There 
  are 
  sixty 
  feet 
  of 
  beds 
  exposed 
  in 
  the 
  

   quarry, 
  dipping 
  west-northwest 
  forty 
  five 
  degrees. 
  Between 
  

   ISTapanoch 
  and 
  Homowack 
  there 
  are 
  no 
  natural 
  exposures 
  of 
  the 
  

   Helderberg 
  formation 
  or 
  of 
  the 
  immediately 
  overlying 
  rocks. 
  It 
  

   is 
  stated 
  that 
  in 
  the 
  excavation 
  for 
  the 
  canal, 
  limestone 
  was 
  found 
  

   near 
  Homowack, 
  and 
  it 
  is 
  probably 
  the 
  Pentamerus 
  bed, 
  for 
  the 
  

   Shawangunk 
  grits 
  are 
  exposed 
  a 
  short 
  distance 
  east. 
  All 
  the 
  

   beds 
  dip 
  very 
  steeply 
  to 
  the 
  westward 
  in 
  this 
  portion 
  of 
  the 
  

   valley, 
  and 
  the 
  Hamilton 
  shales 
  extend, 
  together 
  with 
  the 
  under- 
  

   lying 
  formation, 
  out 
  under 
  the 
  lowlands 
  east 
  of 
  the 
  turnpike. 
  

   The 
  high 
  hills 
  rising 
  to 
  the 
  westward 
  are 
  of 
  the 
  hard 
  flaggy 
  

   beds 
  of 
  the 
  middle 
  and 
  upper 
  Hamilton 
  group 
  which 
  constitute 
  a 
  

   range 
  lying 
  between 
  the 
  Sandburg- 
  Kondout 
  valley 
  and 
  the 
  

   Catskill 
  mountains. 
  This 
  range 
  is 
  cut 
  across 
  by 
  the 
  Beerkill, 
  

   Eondoutkill, 
  Yernovy 
  creek, 
  Mombaccus 
  creek 
  and 
  Metacahonts 
  

   creek 
  which 
  flow 
  through 
  deep 
  and 
  rocky 
  gorges. 
  The 
  beds 
  are 
  

   gray 
  sandstones 
  and 
  flags 
  with 
  black 
  shale 
  intercalations 
  and 
  

   they 
  are 
  nearly 
  everywhere 
  exposed 
  in 
  the 
  hill 
  slopes 
  and 
  along 
  

  

  