﻿Report 
  of 
  the 
  State 
  Geologist. 
  5" 
  7 
  

  

  profit 
  in 
  the 
  future 
  ? 
  The 
  answer 
  to 
  this 
  question 
  depends 
  upon 
  

   the 
  amount 
  of 
  water 
  encountered, 
  and 
  upon 
  the 
  uniformity 
  of 
  the 
  

   slope. 
  The 
  mines 
  at 
  Eondout 
  are 
  already 
  about 
  100 
  feet 
  below 
  

   the 
  level 
  of 
  the 
  Hudson, 
  and 
  at 
  Rosendale 
  several 
  mines 
  are 
  from 
  

   100 
  to 
  150 
  feet 
  btlow 
  the 
  level 
  of 
  the 
  Walkill. 
  In 
  none 
  of 
  the 
  

   mines 
  as 
  yet 
  have 
  large 
  volumes 
  of 
  water 
  been 
  thus 
  far 
  encountered. 
  

   The 
  water 
  is 
  much 
  less 
  than 
  in 
  the 
  iron 
  mines 
  of 
  New 
  Jersey. 
  

  

  With 
  increasing 
  depth, 
  if 
  the 
  slope 
  continues 
  tolerably 
  uniform 
  

   and 
  regular, 
  a 
  winding 
  engine 
  on 
  the 
  surface 
  can 
  haul 
  the 
  rock 
  to 
  

   the 
  surface 
  for 
  a 
  great 
  distance. 
  At 
  the 
  Hurdtown 
  mine 
  in 
  

   New 
  Jersey, 
  for 
  example, 
  the 
  ore 
  is 
  hauled 
  up 
  a 
  slope 
  of 
  about 
  

   thirty 
  degrees, 
  for 
  a 
  distance 
  of 
  about 
  4500 
  feet. 
  Here 
  the 
  slope 
  

   is 
  very 
  regular. 
  If, 
  however, 
  large 
  rolls 
  or 
  irregularities 
  should 
  

   be 
  met 
  with, 
  these 
  would 
  have 
  either 
  to 
  be 
  drifted 
  through 
  or 
  a 
  

   separate 
  winding 
  engine 
  would 
  have 
  to 
  be 
  put 
  in, 
  which 
  would 
  

   materially 
  increase 
  the 
  cost 
  of 
  mining 
  the 
  rock. 
  

  

  The 
  roof 
  of 
  the 
  mines 
  appears 
  to 
  be 
  very 
  strong, 
  and 
  after 
  the 
  

   mines 
  are 
  carried 
  far 
  enough 
  underground 
  to 
  be 
  free 
  from 
  the 
  

   action 
  of 
  frost, 
  rock-falls 
  seldom 
  occur. 
  

  

  In 
  this 
  report 
  the 
  worked 
  cement 
  beds 
  have 
  been 
  referred 
  to 
  

   as 
  mines 
  instead 
  of 
  quarries. 
  Except 
  in 
  one 
  locality 
  the 
  quarry 
  

   of 
  Mr. 
  Jos. 
  H. 
  Yandemark, 
  at 
  Bruceville, 
  just 
  below 
  High 
  Falls, 
  all 
  

   the 
  cement 
  rock 
  is 
  won 
  underground. 
  At 
  Mr. 
  Vandemark's 
  

   quarry 
  a 
  face 
  420 
  feet 
  long 
  is 
  worked. 
  The 
  bed 
  at 
  this 
  point 
  is 
  

   about 
  thirty 
  feet 
  thick. 
  A 
  shaly 
  limestone, 
  eight 
  feet 
  thick, 
  has 
  

   to 
  be 
  stripped 
  from 
  the 
  bed. 
  Other 
  localities 
  at 
  High 
  Falls 
  have 
  

   hitherto 
  been 
  worked 
  as 
  open-cut 
  quarries, 
  but 
  the 
  stripping 
  has 
  

   become 
  so 
  heavy 
  that 
  mining 
  operations 
  have 
  begun. 
  

  

  At 
  Binnewater 
  the 
  Lawrenceville 
  Cement 
  Company 
  has 
  just 
  

   begun 
  mining 
  on 
  a 
  bed 
  about 
  twenty-four 
  feet 
  thick. 
  There 
  is 
  a 
  

   possible 
  working 
  face 
  over 
  800 
  feet 
  long. 
  Their 
  mines 
  at 
  Law- 
  

   renceville 
  have 
  been 
  abandoned 
  for 
  the 
  present. 
  The 
  accom- 
  

   panying 
  cut 
  from 
  a 
  photograph 
  shows 
  the 
  method 
  of 
  operation. 
  

   A 
  modification 
  of 
  the 
  pillar 
  and 
  stoll 
  method 
  is 
  used 
  in 
  all 
  of 
  the 
  

   mines. 
  The 
  mines 
  are 
  all 
  worked 
  on 
  the 
  slope, 
  no 
  shafts 
  having 
  

   as 
  yet 
  been 
  sunk. 
  As 
  a 
  rule 
  the 
  head 
  of 
  slope 
  is 
  either 
  about 
  on 
  

   the 
  level 
  with 
  or 
  a 
  little 
  higher 
  than 
  the 
  top 
  of 
  the 
  kilns. 
  The 
  

   rock 
  is 
  broken 
  in 
  the 
  mines 
  to 
  kiln 
  size. 
  It 
  is 
  then 
  hauled 
  up 
  the 
  

   slope 
  and 
  trammed 
  to 
  the 
  kilns 
  and 
  dumped 
  in. 
  After 
  burning, 
  

   73 
  

  

  