﻿Report 
  oi 
  the 
  State 
  Geologist, 
  633 
  

  

  as 
  in 
  continuous 
  and 
  contrasted 
  sediments. 
  The 
  lamination 
  of 
  the 
  

   gneisses 
  affords 
  a 
  frequent 
  strike, 
  which 
  usually 
  runs 
  parallel 
  to 
  

   the 
  ridges, 
  but 
  the 
  dip 
  is 
  extremely 
  variable, 
  as 
  shown 
  by 
  a 
  study 
  

   of 
  the 
  signs 
  upon 
  the 
  maps. 
  The 
  evidence 
  leading 
  one 
  to 
  ascribe 
  

   many 
  of 
  the 
  valleys 
  to 
  faults 
  may 
  be 
  briefly 
  summarized 
  as 
  

   follows 
  : 
  

  

  1. 
  The 
  " 
  passes," 
  such 
  as 
  Indian 
  Pass, 
  Avalanche 
  Pass, 
  Wilming- 
  

   ton 
  Notch 
  ; 
  the 
  one 
  at 
  Cascadeville, 
  between 
  Keene 
  and 
  North 
  

   Elba; 
  the 
  one 
  north 
  of 
  Big 
  Pitchoff 
  mountain, 
  two 
  miles 
  north 
  

   of 
  Cascadeville; 
  the 
  one 
  southeast 
  of 
  Chapel 
  pond 
  on 
  the 
  road 
  

   from 
  Beedes 
  to 
  Euba 
  Mills 
  (see 
  the 
  map 
  of 
  Keene 
  for 
  these 
  last 
  

   three); 
  the 
  one 
  near 
  Crawfoot 
  pond 
  in 
  western 
  Moriah 
  ; 
  the 
  cliffs 
  

   along 
  the 
  north 
  and 
  south 
  sides 
  of 
  Ensign 
  pond, 
  western 
  Moriah, 
  

   and 
  many 
  other 
  narrow 
  gorges 
  with 
  precipitous 
  sides, 
  evidently 
  

   produced 
  by 
  fault 
  scarps 
  with 
  a 
  talus. 
  Often 
  a 
  stream 
  forms 
  a 
  

   waterfall 
  in 
  a 
  specially 
  narrow 
  gorge 
  and 
  the 
  crushed 
  and 
  

   strained 
  rocks 
  are 
  shown 
  in 
  excellent 
  exposure. 
  Such 
  is 
  Split 
  Pock 
  

   falls 
  in 
  southern 
  Elizabethtown, 
  where 
  the 
  anorthosite 
  is 
  cracked 
  

   into 
  smaller, 
  irregular 
  fragments, 
  closely 
  packed 
  together. 
  This 
  

   crushed 
  zone 
  or 
  shear-zone 
  has 
  probably 
  been 
  a 
  specially 
  vulner- 
  

   able 
  point 
  of 
  attack 
  for 
  agents 
  of 
  erosion. 
  

  

  2. 
  Many 
  ridges 
  have 
  a 
  comparatively 
  abrupt 
  face 
  on 
  one 
  side 
  and 
  

   an 
  even 
  ascent 
  on 
  the 
  other. 
  Split 
  Pock 
  ridge 
  in 
  West 
  port 
  and 
  

   Essex 
  is 
  a 
  good 
  illustration. 
  Next 
  the 
  lake 
  it 
  is 
  very 
  steep, 
  while 
  

   on 
  the 
  west 
  the 
  ascent 
  is 
  gradual. 
  Barton 
  hill 
  at 
  Mineville 
  is 
  

   strikingly 
  of 
  this 
  character. 
  Best 
  of 
  all 
  is 
  the 
  magnificent 
  fault 
  

   scarp 
  five 
  miles 
  long 
  or 
  more, 
  that 
  begins 
  in 
  Moriah 
  and 
  runs 
  

   southwest 
  through 
  Crown 
  Point, 
  passing 
  east 
  of 
  Hammondville 
  

   and 
  ending 
  in 
  Knob 
  mountain 
  whose 
  vertical 
  cliff 
  rises 
  on 
  one 
  

   side 
  of 
  Knob 
  pond. 
  If 
  one 
  climbs 
  any 
  of 
  the 
  hills 
  in 
  central 
  

   Moriah 
  and 
  loeks 
  westward 
  the 
  horizon 
  line 
  of 
  the 
  mountains 
  is 
  

   a 
  saw-toothed 
  profile, 
  with 
  a 
  low 
  ascent 
  and 
  a 
  steep 
  drop, 
  many 
  

   times 
  repeated. 
  

  

  3. 
  Mining 
  experience 
  in 
  the 
  magnetite 
  beds 
  shows 
  that 
  the 
  

   ore 
  is 
  often 
  lost 
  under 
  gulches 
  and 
  small 
  valleys. 
  The 
  Cheever 
  

   mine 
  at 
  Port 
  Henry 
  had 
  this 
  experience. 
  Under 
  a 
  slight 
  valley 
  to 
  

   the 
  west, 
  the 
  ore 
  was 
  sharply 
  cut 
  off. 
  The 
  No. 
  7 
  slope 
  at 
  Ham_ 
  

   mondville 
  met 
  with 
  the 
  same 
  fate, 
  the 
  ore 
  being 
  cut 
  off 
  by 
  a 
  dark 
  

   chloritic 
  streak, 
  apparently 
  a 
  trap 
  dike, 
  but 
  shown 
  by 
  the 
  thin 
  

   section 
  to 
  be 
  a 
  breccia 
  of 
  the 
  walls. 
  Breccias 
  on 
  a 
  larger 
  scale 
  

  

  80 
  

  

  