﻿Report 
  oi 
  the 
  State 
  Geologist. 
  749 
  

  

  more 
  favorable 
  as 
  well 
  as 
  more 
  carefully 
  studied 
  development 
  in 
  

   Livingston 
  and 
  Ontario 
  counties. 
  To 
  the 
  two 
  at 
  their 
  fullest 
  

   development, 
  the 
  one 
  in 
  these 
  last 
  mentioned 
  counties, 
  the 
  other 
  

   in 
  the 
  Chenango 
  valley 
  region 
  and 
  eastward, 
  there 
  is, 
  so 
  far 
  as 
  

   known, 
  no 
  single 
  species 
  common. 
  The 
  mesastrialis-fsLima, 
  is 
  

   richly 
  brachiopodous, 
  its 
  cephalopod 
  element 
  meager 
  and 
  ortho- 
  

   ceran 
  ; 
  the 
  normal 
  Portage 
  fauna 
  is 
  almost 
  devoid 
  of 
  brachio- 
  

   pods, 
  its 
  prevailing 
  element 
  is 
  cephalopodous 
  (Goniatites, 
  

   Olymenia, 
  JBactrites). 
  Though 
  lamellibranchs 
  abound 
  in 
  both, 
  

   the 
  Actinopterias, 
  Graminysias, 
  Palsepneilos, 
  Microdons 
  of 
  the 
  

   former 
  are 
  in 
  contrast 
  to 
  the 
  Lunulicardiums, 
  Buchias, 
  Cardiolas 
  

   and 
  " 
  Lucinas 
  " 
  (a 
  name 
  which 
  covers 
  a 
  number 
  of 
  undetermined 
  

   palaeoconchs) 
  of 
  the 
  latter. 
  The 
  passage 
  from 
  one 
  into 
  the 
  other 
  

   is 
  indicated 
  in 
  the 
  Cayuga 
  lake 
  section. 
  

  

  The 
  comparatively 
  barren 
  shales 
  and 
  sands 
  which 
  immediately 
  

   overlie 
  the 
  Genesee 
  in 
  the 
  Ithaca 
  section 
  are 
  but 
  slightly 
  repre- 
  

   sented 
  in 
  the 
  Naples 
  and 
  Genesee 
  valleys. 
  I 
  have 
  no 
  evidence 
  

   to 
  offer 
  as 
  to 
  their 
  presence 
  in 
  Chenango 
  and 
  Cortland 
  counties. 
  

   The 
  fossiliferous 
  zone 
  bearing 
  the 
  Ithaca 
  fauna 
  in 
  Tompkins 
  

   county 
  is, 
  according 
  to 
  Williams, 
  restricted 
  to 
  that 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  

   series 
  overlying 
  the 
  basal 
  sandstones. 
  In 
  the 
  western, 
  middle 
  

   and 
  eastern 
  sections, 
  the 
  fossiliferous 
  zone, 
  whatever 
  the 
  differ- 
  

   ences 
  in 
  its 
  'organic 
  contents, 
  is 
  overlaid 
  by 
  heavy-bedded, 
  very 
  

   sparsely 
  fossiliferous 
  sands 
  which 
  are 
  probably 
  continuous 
  or 
  

   synchronous 
  and 
  which, 
  in 
  their 
  western 
  development, 
  constitute 
  

   the 
  original 
  " 
  Portage 
  sandstones," 
  of 
  Prof. 
  Hall. 
  The 
  Ithaca 
  

   fauna, 
  like 
  that 
  of 
  the 
  Oriskany 
  and 
  Lower 
  Helderberg, 
  is 
  one 
  

   having 
  its 
  best 
  and 
  normal 
  development 
  in 
  New 
  York, 
  toward 
  

   the 
  east. 
  The 
  Naples 
  fauna 
  has 
  its 
  normal 
  development 
  in 
  the 
  

   western 
  counties. 
  Each 
  is 
  peculiar 
  in 
  its 
  composition 
  and 
  dis- 
  

   tinct 
  from 
  the 
  other, 
  and 
  to 
  embrace 
  both 
  under 
  one 
  term 
  is 
  to 
  

   perpetuate 
  an 
  error. 
  The 
  organic 
  connection 
  between 
  the 
  

   Ithaca 
  and 
  Hamilton 
  faunas 
  is 
  far 
  more 
  intimate 
  than 
  between 
  

   the 
  Naples 
  and 
  Hamilton 
  faunas, 
  for 
  the 
  simple 
  reason 
  that 
  

   where 
  the 
  Tully 
  and 
  Genesee 
  beds 
  do 
  not 
  separate 
  the 
  two 
  

   because 
  of 
  their 
  absence, 
  there 
  the 
  Ithaca 
  fauna 
  attains 
  a 
  high 
  

   development. 
  The 
  Naples 
  fauna, 
  on 
  the 
  other 
  hand, 
  reproduces 
  

   some 
  of 
  the 
  peculiar 
  features 
  of 
  that 
  of 
  the 
  Genesee, 
  with 
  which 
  it 
  

   is 
  naturally 
  more 
  closely 
  allied 
  from 
  close 
  contiguity 
  and 
  immediate 
  

   succession 
  than 
  with 
  the 
  remoter 
  fauna 
  of 
  the 
  Hamilton 
  beneath. 
  

  

  