﻿Report 
  of 
  the 
  State 
  Geologist. 
  

  

  863 
  

  

  approximately 
  expresses 
  the 
  rnassiveness 
  of 
  the 
  bone. 
  A 
  table 
  of 
  

   Gilltnan's 
  * 
  is 
  here 
  subjoined, 
  made 
  up 
  of 
  the 
  means 
  from 
  the 
  

   designated 
  localities. 
  For 
  purposes 
  of 
  comparison 
  there 
  have 
  

   been 
  inserted 
  the 
  corresponding 
  measurements 
  upon 
  the 
  left 
  tibia 
  

   of 
  the 
  Canandaigua 
  skeleton, 
  the 
  unit 
  used 
  being 
  the 
  inch. 
  

  

  LOCALITY. 
  

  

  a 
  

  

  9 
  

  

  1. 
  

  

  -O 
  CD 
  

   CO 
  

  

  a 
  

  

  ou 
  2. 
  

  

  ee 
  <D 
  

  

  <D 
  St-I 
  

  

  4) 
  CQ 
  

  

  lis 
  

  

  -3 
  M 
  

   ad 
  

  

  "3 
  

  

  u 
  

   ® 
  X 
  

  

  fu 
  

  

  Detroit 
  and 
  Rouge 
  rivers, 
  Mich 
  

  

  14.80 
  

   14.75 
  

   15.91 
  

   14.74 
  

   13.50 
  

   15.10 
  

  

  2.73 
  

   2.70 
  

   3.18 
  

   3.07 
  

   2.70 
  

   2.86 
  

  

  2.87 
  

   2.90 
  

   3.12 
  

   3.02 
  

   2.87 
  

   2.90 
  

  

  1.50— 
  .72 
  

   1.47— 
  .SO 
  

   1.89— 
  .81 
  

   1.53-.90 
  

   1.29— 
  .79 
  

   1.27— 
  .92 
  

  

  .4=6 
  

  

  .548 
  

   .583 
  

   .588 
  

   .612 
  

   .727 
  

  

  .185 
  

  

  Head 
  St. 
  Clair 
  river, 
  Mich 
  

  

  .200 
  

  

  Canandaigua 
  lake, 
  N. 
  Y 
  

  

  Chambers 
  island, 
  Wis 
  

  

  .196 
  

   .205 
  

  

  Perthi-Chwareu, 
  Wales 
  

  

  .212 
  

  

  Thirteen 
  ordinary 
  English, 
  London 
  

  

  .195 
  

  

  In 
  its 
  length, 
  transverse 
  diameter 
  at 
  the 
  knee 
  and 
  least 
  cir- 
  

   cumference 
  this 
  Canandaigua 
  tibia 
  is 
  seen 
  to 
  exceed 
  the 
  means 
  

   of 
  the 
  prehistoric 
  and 
  modern 
  English 
  tibiae. 
  These 
  latter 
  were 
  

   selecced 
  by 
  Prof. 
  Busk 
  at 
  random 
  from 
  a 
  drawer 
  in 
  the 
  College 
  

   of 
  Surgeons, 
  London, 
  and 
  are 
  assumed 
  to 
  represent 
  the 
  modern 
  

   proportions. 
  Interest 
  attaches 
  mainly 
  to 
  the 
  degree 
  of 
  flatten- 
  

   ing 
  as 
  shown 
  in 
  the 
  fifth 
  column. 
  At 
  the 
  level 
  indicated 
  under 
  

   (4) 
  above 
  for 
  measurement, 
  the 
  modern 
  normal 
  tibia 
  shows 
  a 
  

   sub 
  triangular 
  cross-section 
  and 
  gives 
  a 
  latitudinal 
  index, 
  which 
  

   may 
  be 
  assumed 
  -to 
  vary 
  from 
  .700 
  to 
  .750+. 
  Fig. 
  1 
  shows 
  this 
  

   outline, 
  natural 
  size, 
  frequently 
  met 
  in 
  modern 
  tibia?, 
  but 
  giving 
  

   an 
  index 
  of 
  .702, 
  very 
  near 
  the 
  lower 
  limit 
  of 
  the 
  range 
  above 
  

   indicated. 
  Fig. 
  2 
  is 
  a 
  reproduction 
  of 
  Prof. 
  Busk's 
  normal 
  tibia. 
  

   Both 
  figures 
  show 
  three 
  well 
  defined 
  surfaces 
  existent 
  ; 
  an 
  exter- 
  

   nal, 
  an 
  internal 
  and 
  a 
  posterior. 
  ]n 
  platycnemic 
  tibia 
  the 
  poste- 
  

   rior 
  surface 
  almost 
  completely 
  disappears 
  in 
  certain 
  types. 
  (See 
  

   Fig. 
  5). 
  Fig. 
  3 
  is 
  a 
  similar 
  drawing 
  of 
  the 
  Canandaigua 
  tibia, 
  

   with 
  its 
  smooth, 
  oval 
  outline 
  and 
  index 
  of 
  .583. 
  Its 
  companion 
  

   shows 
  a 
  still 
  greater 
  compression, 
  giving 
  an 
  index 
  of 
  .560, 
  the 
  

   two 
  averaging 
  .571. 
  

  

  * 
  Smithsonian 
  Report 
  for 
  1873, 
  p. 
  378. 
  

  

  