﻿202 
  NEW 
  YORK 
  STATE 
  MUSEUM 
  

  

  less 
  brilliant 
  in 
  color. 
  Their 
  plumage 
  is 
  very 
  dense 
  and 
  less 
  inclined 
  to 
  

   bright 
  colors 
  in 
  the 
  drakes, 
  or 
  mottling 
  in 
  the 
  ducks; 
  but 
  a 
  pied 
  pattern 
  

   in 
  light 
  and 
  dark 
  areas 
  is 
  more 
  prevalent. 
  The 
  Sea 
  ducks 
  in 
  general 
  live 
  

   more 
  upon 
  the 
  open 
  waters 
  of 
  the 
  ocean, 
  bays, 
  lakes 
  and 
  rivers 
  than 
  do 
  the 
  

   Anatinac. 
  ' 
  They 
  are 
  expert 
  divers 
  and 
  often 
  obtain 
  their 
  food 
  in 
  water 
  

   upward 
  of 
  75 
  to 
  150 
  feet 
  in 
  depth. 
  Their 
  diet 
  consists 
  normaUy 
  of 
  moUusks 
  

   and 
  other 
  aquatic 
  animals 
  more 
  than 
  of 
  vegetable 
  substances, 
  but 
  the 
  

   scaups 
  and 
  pochards 
  often 
  feed 
  on 
  water 
  plants, 
  and 
  their 
  flesh 
  is 
  well 
  

   tasted, 
  but 
  that 
  of 
  most 
  of 
  the 
  subfamily 
  is 
  coarse 
  and 
  unpalatable. 
  The 
  

   Sea 
  ducks 
  are 
  highly 
  gregarious 
  in 
  habit 
  and 
  often 
  flock 
  by 
  hundreds 
  or 
  

   thousands 
  over 
  their 
  favorite 
  feeding 
  grounds. 
  The 
  subfamily 
  consists 
  of 
  

   50 
  or 
  more 
  species, 
  largely 
  holarctic 
  in 
  range, 
  but 
  on 
  the 
  whole, 
  more 
  boreal 
  

   and 
  arctic 
  than 
  the 
  River 
  ducks. 
  

  

  Netta 
  rufina 
  (Pallas) 
  

  

  Rufous 
  -crested 
  Duck 
  

  

  Anas 
  r 
  u 
  f 
  i 
  n 
  a 
  Pallas. 
  It. 
  1773. 
  2:713 
  

  

  N 
  etta 
  ru 
  fina 
  A. 
  O. 
  U. 
  Check 
  List. 
  Ed. 
  2. 
  1895. 
  No. 
  (145) 
  

  

  net'ta, 
  Gr. 
  i'^ttu, 
  a 
  duck; 
  ruf'/na, 
  Lat., 
  reddish 
  

   This 
  Old 
  World 
  species 
  has 
  somewhat 
  the 
  appearance 
  of 
  the 
  Red-head, 
  

   but 
  is 
  fully 
  crested 
  and 
  the 
  biU 
  and 
  feet 
  bright 
  colored 
  vermilion 
  and 
  orange- 
  

   red, 
  the 
  female 
  being 
  duUer 
  colored 
  and 
  less 
  crested. 
  The 
  only 
  specimen 
  

   from 
  North 
  America, 
  a 
  young 
  male, 
  was 
  found 
  in 
  Fulton 
  Market 
  in 
  February 
  

   1872, 
  and 
  was 
  supposed 
  to 
  have 
  been 
  killed 
  on 
  Long 
  Island 
  [see 
  Ridgway, 
  

   U. 
  S. 
  Nat. 
  Mus. 
  Bui. 
  21. 
  1881. 
  p. 
  85; 
  Allen, 
  N. 
  O. 
  C. 
  Bui. 
  6:173]. 
  

  

  Marila 
  americana 
  (Eyton) 
  

  

  (Aythya 
  americana 
  on 
  plate) 
  

  

  Redhead 
  

  

  Plale 
  i6 
  

  

  Fuligula 
  americana 
  Eyton. 
  Monogr. 
  Anat. 
  1838. 
  p. 
  155 
  

  

  F 
  u 
  1 
  i 
  g 
  u 
  1 
  a 
  e 
  r 
  y 
  t 
  h 
  r 
  o 
  c 
  e 
  p 
  Ir 
  a 
  1 
  a 
  DeKay. 
  Zool. 
  N. 
  Y. 
  1844. 
  pt 
  2, 
  p. 
  322 
  

  

  Aythya 
  americana 
  A. 
  O. 
  U. 
  Check 
  List. 
  Ed. 
  2. 
  1895. 
  No. 
  146 
  

  

  mari'la, 
  derivation 
  uncertain, 
  perhaps 
  Gr. 
  fjuaptXr], 
  charcoal, 
  from 
  the 
  black 
  head 
  and 
  fore- 
  

   parts; 
  americd'na, 
  American 
  

  

  Description. 
  Male: 
  Head 
  and 
  upper 
  neck 
  brick-red; 
  colors 
  of 
  body 
  

   like 
  the 
  Canvasback 
  but 
  darker, 
  not 
  so 
  white 
  above 
  nor 
  so 
  pure 
  white 
  

  

  