﻿BIRDS 
  OF 
  NEW 
  YORK 
  267 
  

  

  ago 
  at 
  Long 
  Pond, 
  Monroe 
  co. 
  ; 
  and 
  Mr 
  Arthur 
  Babson 
  that 
  he 
  took 
  a 
  

   specimen 
  at 
  Bellport, 
  L. 
  I. 
  in 
  1897. 
  The 
  only 
  specimen 
  recorded 
  by 
  Mr 
  

   Dutcher 
  [see 
  Auk, 
  10: 
  266] 
  was 
  killed 
  at 
  Freeport, 
  L. 
  I., 
  in 
  April 
  1893. 
  

   Another 
  specimen 
  was 
  taken 
  at 
  Wading 
  river 
  in 
  April 
  1901 
  by 
  A. 
  Hoff- 
  

   man 
  and 
  is 
  now 
  in 
  the 
  collection 
  of 
  Arthur 
  H. 
  Helme 
  [Braislin, 
  Birds 
  L.I. 
  , 
  

   p. 
  54]. 
  A 
  fourth 
  Long 
  Island 
  specimen 
  was 
  taken 
  at 
  Orient 
  in 
  the 
  fall 
  

   about 
  1892 
  and 
  is 
  owned 
  by 
  Dr 
  Henry 
  Heath 
  of 
  Brookh'n 
  [Braislin, 
  Auk, 
  

   24: 
  187]. 
  A 
  fifth 
  was 
  observed 
  at 
  Orient, 
  May 
  4-7, 
  1905, 
  by 
  Roy 
  Latham 
  

   [Braislin, 
  loc. 
  cit.\ 
  

  

  Order 
  PALUDICOLAE 
  

  

  Marsh 
  Birds 
  

  

  Orders 
  Ralliformes 
  and 
  Gruiformes, 
  Sharpe's 
  Hand-List 
  

  

  This 
  polymorphic 
  and 
  unsatisfactory 
  group 
  includes 
  several 
  extra- 
  

  

  limital 
  families 
  of 
  widely 
  divergent 
  characters. 
  In 
  North 
  America 
  it 
  is 
  

  

  represented 
  by 
  two 
  suborders, 
  the 
  Grues, 
  or 
  Cranelike 
  birds, 
  and 
  the 
  Ralli, 
  

  

  or 
  Raillike 
  birds. 
  

  

  Family 
  GRUIDAEi 
  

  

  Cranes 
  

  

  Heronlike 
  in 
  stature; 
  neck 
  and 
  legs 
  much 
  elongated; 
  head 
  partly 
  

   naked, 
  wattled 
  and 
  sparsely 
  grown 
  over 
  with 
  stiff 
  hairs; 
  bill 
  rather 
  long, 
  

   straight, 
  and 
  blunt 
  pointed; 
  nasal 
  fossae 
  short 
  and 
  shallow; 
  nostrils, 
  near 
  

   middle 
  of 
  bill, 
  open 
  and 
  pervious; 
  tibiae 
  largely 
  bare; 
  tarsi 
  scutellate 
  in 
  

   front; 
  toes 
  rather 
  short, 
  webbed 
  at 
  base; 
  hallux 
  small 
  and 
  elevated; 
  wings 
  

   large, 
  the 
  rear 
  edge 
  when 
  spread 
  curving 
  forward 
  on 
  account 
  of 
  the 
  short- 
  

   ening 
  of 
  the 
  outer 
  cubitals 
  ; 
  inner 
  wing 
  feathers 
  flowing 
  ; 
  fifth 
  cubital 
  wanting 
  ; 
  

   plumage 
  compact; 
  no 
  powder-downs; 
  tail 
  short, 
  of 
  12 
  feathers; 
  palate 
  

   schizognathous 
  ; 
  nasal 
  schizorhinal 
  ; 
  no 
  basipterygoids 
  ; 
  coeca 
  very 
  long; 
  

   oil 
  gland 
  tufted. 
  

  

  There 
  are 
  18 
  species 
  of 
  cranes, 
  found 
  in 
  nearly 
  all 
  parts 
  of 
  the 
  world. 
  

   They 
  are 
  striking 
  and 
  graceful 
  in 
  appearance 
  and 
  are 
  famous 
  in 
  the 
  countries 
  

   which 
  they 
  inhabit 
  for 
  their 
  migratory 
  flights 
  which 
  are 
  performed 
  in 
  

   Indian 
  file 
  at 
  a 
  great 
  elevation 
  and 
  heralded 
  by 
  their 
  raucous, 
  rattling 
  

   clamors. 
  Their 
  flesh 
  is 
  esteemed 
  for 
  food, 
  but 
  they 
  are 
  very 
  wary 
  and 
  

  

  