FRESH- WATER MUSSELS AND MUSSEL INDUSTRIES. 37 



The requisite qualities are pearliness, luster, absence of color, and a texture firm 

 but not too hard; and these qualities are as good in the better Lampsilis shells as in the 

 better Quadrulas. 



The most common defects for nearly all shell species are spotting or staining, due, 

 in many cases, undoubtedly, to parasites, and natural nacre colors, such as pink, salmon, 

 or purple. Stains are most common in sluggish rivers. Colored shells seem more 

 prevalent in clear, shallow streams, but no universal rule has been observed. 



Many of the tiny shells found attached to old shells are not young fresh-water 

 mussels, as is often assumed by shellers, but belong to an entirely different family of 

 bivalves. 



PUBLICATIONS TREATING MUSSEL RESOURCES OF VARIOUS STREAMS. 



CoKER, Robert E. 



1912. Mussel resources of the Holston and Clinch Rivers of eastern Tennessee. U. S. Bureau of 



Fisheries Document No. 765, 13 p. Washington. 

 1915. Mussel resources of the Tensas River of Louisiana. Economic Circular No. 14, U. S. Bureau 

 of Fisheries, 7 p. Washington. 

 CoKER, Robert E., and Southall, John B. 



1915. Mussel resources in tributaries of the upper Missouri River. (With description of shell found 

 in the James River, Huron, S. Dak., July 27, 1913.) Appendix IV, Report, U. S. Com- 

 missioner of Fisheries for 1914, 17 p., i ph, i map. Washington. 

 Danglade, Ernest. 



1914. The Mussel Resources of the Illinois River. Appendix VI, Report, U. S. Commissioner 

 of Fisheries for 19 13, 48 p., 6 pi., including i map. Washington. 

 Eldridge, John A. 



1914. The mussel fishery of the Fox River. Appendix VII, 8 p.. Ibid. 

 ISELY, F. B. 



1914. Mussel streams of eastern Oklahoma. Economic Circular No. 9, U. S. Bureau of Fisheries, 

 6 p. Washington. 

 Meek, S. E., and Clark, H. Walton. 



19 12. The mussels of the Big Buffalo Fork of WTiite River, Arkansas. U. S. Bureau of Fisheries 



Document No. 759, 20 p. Washington. 

 Shira, Austin F. 



19 13. The mussel fisheries of Caddo Lake and the Cypress and Sulphur Rivers of Texas and Louisi- 



ana. Economic Circular No. 6, U. S. Bureau of Fisheries, 10 p. Washington. 

 [Utterback, W. I.] 



1914. Mussel resources in Missouri. Economic Circular No, 10, U. S. Bureau of Fisheries, 6 p. 



Washington. 

 Wilson, Charles B., and Clark, H. Walton. 



1912. Mussel beds of the Cumberland River in 191 1. Economic Circular No. i, U. S. Bureau of 

 Fisheries, 4 p. Washington. 



1912. The mussel fauna of the Maumee River. U. S. Bureau of Fisheries Document No. 757, 

 72 p., 2 pi. Washington. 



1912. The mussel fauna of the Kankakee Basin. U. S. Bureau of Fisheries Document No. 758 

 52 p., I pi., I chart. Washington. 



1914. The mussels of the Cumberland River and its tributaries. U. S. Bureau of Fisheries Docu- 

 ment No. 781, 63 p., I pi. Washington. 

 Wilson, Charles B., and Danglade, Ernest. 



1912. Mussels of central and northern Minnesota. Economic Circular No. 3, U. S. Bureau of Fish- 

 eries, 6 p. Washington. 



1914. The mussel fatma of central and northern Minnesota. Appendix V Report, U. S. Commis- 

 sioner of Fisheries fori9i3, 26p., i map. Washington. 



