IIO BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OP FISHERIES. 



Of very wide range in both directions. 



Crisia eburnea Labrador to Florida (cosmopolitan). 



.<Etea anguina Cosmopolitan; upon our coast recorded from points as far south as Beau- 

 fort, N. C. 



Membranipora pilosa Greenland to Beaufort, N. C. (cosmopolitan). 



Schizoporella unicornis Greenland to Florida (Europe and Africa). 



Schizoporella biaperta Greenland to Florida (Spitzbergen, Algiers, etc.). 



Hippothoa hyalina Greenland to Florida (cosmopolitan). 



Lepralia pertusa Greenland to Florida (cosmopolitan). 



Position doubtful, owing to insufficiency of data. 



Membranipora aurita Not previously recorded from America. 



Cellepora americana (?) 



Lepralia pallasiana Perhaps northern. 



Lepralia americana Known only from a small section of our coast. 



Smittia trispinosa nitida Known from only a small section of our coast (also Australia). 



Bowerbankia gracilis caudata . . Known only from a small section of our coast. 



Thus a considerable majority of these species have either an almost unrestricted 

 range in latitude, or a range of doubtful extent. Four have been classified as predomi- 

 nantly northern and an equal number as predominantly southern. If, however, our 

 calculations had been based upon the entire list of local Bryozoa, including the many 

 species (p. 106, 107) which were listed only from outlying points, we should have been 

 led to regard our bryozoan fauna as being, on the whole, preponderatingly northern in 

 its character. 



6. ECHINODERMATA. 



This phylum is represented in local waters by only 24(+i?) known species. Of 

 these, 6 belong to the Asteroidea, 6 to the Ophiuroidea, 4 to the Echinoidea, and 8 (+ 1 ?) 

 to the Holothuroidea. Eighteen of these species appear in the dredging records of the 

 Survey, as follows: Asteroidea, 6; Ophiuroidea, 5; Echinoidea, 3; Holothuroidea, 4. 

 Data relating to several other species have, however, been furnished by various of our 

 Woods Hole collectors. The other records for local echinoderms are based mainly upon 

 the published statements of Verrill and of H. L. Clark. In the classification adopted 

 by us we have followed Dr. Clark. To this authority we are indebted for the identifi- 

 cation of many specimens, as well as for the criticism of those portions of our manu- 

 script which relate to the Echinodermata. 



Verrill and Smith (1873) listed 19 species of echinoderms for Vineyard Sound and 

 adjacent waters. Among these were comprised 5 species belonging to the Asteroidea, 

 4 to the Ophiuroidea, 4 to the Echinoidea, and 6 to the Holothuroidea. To these must 

 be added 1 holothurian (Molpadia oolitica), which was included doubtfully, and 1 

 ophiuran (Amphiura abdita), which was reported by Verrill only from Long Island 

 Sound, but which has since been found in Vineyard Sound and Buzzards Bay. Disre- 

 garding the holothurian just mentioned, all of the species listed by Verrill for these 

 waters have been taken by subsequent collectors. 



Except in one questionable case, our dredging operations have added no species 

 to the known fauna of the region. This exception is the brittle star just referred 



a One of these, it is true {"Asierias arenicola Stimpson"). is not now regarded as a distinct species, but is, as Verrill him- 

 self thought likely, identical with A. forbesi. The name "green starfish," by which Verrill repeatedly refers to this species, 

 is certainly a misnomer, so far as our local specimens are concerned. 



