BIOLOGICAL SURVEY OF WOODS HOLE AND VICINITY. 493 



of Enteromorpha clathrata, Sphacelaria radicans, Grinnellia americana, and Polysiphonia 

 Harveyi. Station 7762, in the middle of Vineyard Haven, had a bottom of mud and 

 shells in 2> l A to 4 fathoms; there was an abundance of Agardhiella tenera, Champia par- 

 vula, Grinnellia americana, Lomentaria uncinata, and small quantities of Dictyosiphon 

 hippuroides , Sargassum Filipendula, Phyllophora membranifolia, Polysiphonia elongata, 

 Spermothamnion Turneri, and Spyridia filamentosa. The bottom of such a harbor as 

 Vineyard Haven always receives large quantities of drifted algae, some of which are able 

 to vegetate loosely over the bottom; conspicuous among these are Champia parvula, 

 Lomentaria uncinata, and Spermothamnion Turneri. The shallow regions support 

 extensive beds of Zostera marina. 



Station 7761 , off East Chop at the entrance to Vineyard Haven, with a bottom of 

 sand, cinders, and shell fragments in 6 to 7 fathoms, gave much Sargassum Filipendula, 

 Sphacelaria cirrhosa, Agardhiella tenera, Callithamnion roseum, Champia parvula, Lomen- 

 taria uncinata, Phyllophora membranifolia, and Spermothamnion Turneri; in small quan- 

 tities were Chordaria flagelliformis , Cladostephus verticillatus , Dictyosiphon hippuroides, 

 Laminaria Agardhii, Chondrus crispus, Griffithsia Bornetiana, Grinnellia americana, 

 Litholhamnion polymorphum, Phyllophora Brodiaei, Polyides rotundus, Polysiphonia 

 nigrescens, Rhodymenia palmata, and Spyridia filamentosa. 



(9) COVE WEST OP CUTTYHUNK NECK. 



A cove west of Cuttyhunk Neck (station 101) proved to be one of the most interesting 

 stations in Buzzards Bay because of the abundance of Arthrocladia villosa. A special 

 trip was made July 27, 1905, on the Genevieve of the Marine Biological Laboratory, one 

 week after this station was discovered, to determine more precisely the habits of this 

 interesting alga. Four hauls were carried across the entrance of the cove from south- 

 west to northeast in 4 to 5 fathoms. The bottom was sandy, with quantities of large 

 clam shells (Venus mercenaria), mussel shells, and pebbles, to which the Arthrocladia 

 was attached in great abundance. The plants were very large and in full fruit and 

 supplied the set distributed in the Phycotheca Boreali-Americana, fas. D, no. xxx. 

 Besides the Arthrocladia, there was much Desmarestia aculeata, Laminaria Agardhii 

 var. vittata, Cystoclonium purpurascens var. cirrhosum, Grinnellia americana, Phyllo- 

 phora Brodiaei, and Polysiphonia elongata. In small quantities were found Chorda filum, 

 Desmarestia viridis, Dictyosiphon hippuroides, Ectocarpus siliculosus, Laminaria Agardhii, 

 Antithamnion cruciatum, Callithamnion roseum, Corallina officinalis, Polyides rotundus, 

 and Scinaia furcellata. 



(10) THE MIDDLE GROUND. 



The shallow stretch in Vineyard Sound, known as the Middle Ground (stations 41, 

 42, and 43), has a bottom of sand and broken shells, 2 to 4X fathoms at station 41, 

 3K to 6 fathoms at station 42, and 2]/ 2 to 5 fathoms at station 43. There was no evi- 

 dence of algal life, and it is probably quite safe to say that no algae grow on these banks 

 of shifting sand scoured by tidal currents. 



