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‘ 
THER NHAREST ALLIES OF THE HORSE. 85 
seo that the equines admii of enormous variation under natural aud 
artificial influences. Again, hemionus (the kiang) is sometimes 
spoken of as the wild horse, and has been confused with the 
terpan or wild horse of Tartary. Cunningham is responsible 
for calling it the wild horse, and others agree with him that its 
voice is more like a neigh than a bray. Some state that the sound 
it makes is like that of a mule. Moorcroft, Strachey, and other 
say his cry is most like bre uying, and the balance of evidence 1 
wm 
in favour of his being a true ass, though, as Jerdon points out, his 
darker colour, small ears, and large size, as compared with the 
onager, render him, when at a distance, liable to be mistaken for 
a horse. We have elsewhere observed that the Tartars use the 
term koulan indifferently for the terpan and the kiang, another 
element of confusion. On the other hand, as we have seen, na- 
turalists have in different cases applied the term hemionus to the 
onager and the kiang, and it seems that the Tartars also call 
onager, the koulan. dJerdon enumerates as follows the differences 
between the ghorkkhur (onager) and. the kiang: 
wanks. ] G peaie. | Kiang. 
Doraal stripe ...seevesseres | Broader on the back, does! Broader over tail and ex 
not extend to tail-tuft,) tends to tail taf [Sere 
bordered with white, | times’ very obscure or 
which extends broadly, wanting (Strachey) }. 
to tail and along hind} 
: margin of buttocks. 
Shoulder stripe seseseeeee.| Darker blackish and well 
marked. 
Often only faintly visible. 
[Sometimes distinct (Staa- 
; chey) |. 
JPheria) vee Guid lel Ae ee aay a aa Generally present. Absent. 
White of uncer parts and| 
belly well marked, 
ee in his ps per on wild asses (Journal Asiatic Society, 1559, 
p. 229, et seg.) seems to have confused the ghorkhur and the kiang. 
age 
J. com rightly considered them distinct (Jerdon). 
We may now proceed to notice each form in turn :— 
(1) Equus CABALLUS, the common or domestic horse, Hq. 
antiquorum. 
Mane and tail long and flowing ; hairs of tail over whole posterior 
surface of stump. 
Horny appendages— Kirg sots typically present on all four limbs, 
chestnuts inside fore arms, castors inside hocks, warts rarely absent 
on hind legs; ‘ the bay mare, Haglet, was without sallenders on the 
hock joint.”— (Jamaica Times, 1845, Aug. 25.) 
12 
