86 BOMBAY NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY, 
Colour—Various, principally bay and dun; occa sionally rufous, 
mouse colour, white, dappled grey, &c. 
Markings-—Dorsal stripe in some breeds; very occasionally faint 
traces of shoulder stripes ; occasionally zebra marks about knee and 
hock (especially on outside). 
Size—Varies much; from about 9 hands to 17 hands, or average 
of over 14 hands. 
Habits—Gregarious, docile, and domesticable ; inquisitive; enor- 
mous geographical range; much influenced by domestication. 
Voice—A neigh. 
Hars—Short and fine. 
2. Asinus vutearis (Gray): Equus asinus, the common ass ; 
As, domesticus (H. Smith). The lineal descendant of As, tacniopus 
(Sclater and Darwin). 
Mane and tail—Mane short, upright, irregular; tail has tuft at 
extremity, 
Horny appendages—No castors. 
Colowr—Mouse grey ; varies to an extent. 
Markings—List or “ dorsal stripe,’ cross shoulder stripe, which 
varies much in length, breadth, and manner of termination, Some- 
times absent, occasionally double or treble: may be forked at its 
extremity, or bent into an angle as in the quagga and Burchell’s 
zebra, Often zebra marks, especially on the fore limbs. 
Size—Varics much from 9 hands to 17 hands. 
Habits—Strong, hardy, sure-footed, much warped .by domestica- 
tion. ‘In South America numerous asses have been allowed to 
escape into the plains and multiply in a state of nature ; but they 
never acquire the habits of their freeborn progenitors in the desert; 
they linger near the places of their birth and fall an easy prey to 
their enemies.’”’ (Low.) Onlylately known inSweden and Norway ; 
not found in Burma. Four Syrian varieties (Darwin) :— 
“(1) A light and graceful animal, with agreeable gait, used by 
ladies ; (2) an Arab breed reserved exclusively for the saddle; (3) a 
stouter animal used for ploughing and various purposes; (4) the 
large Damascus breed with peculiarly long body and ears.” 
Vowe—A bray. 
Hars —Long and thick. 
Head —Vorehead arched. 
