96 BOMBAY NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY, 
ineasurement, 7.e., such as we look for in comparing the skeleton 
of a man of one race with that of another. 
As regards shape there is a general tendency to largeness of the 
muzzle, backward setting of the eyes, shortness in the rein, and 
imperfect setting on of the head. Neck short and stout, shoulder 
upright, forearms and thighs moderate in length, limbs small 
below the knee and hock, back short, barrel rounded and large, 
quarters rounded, tail set on low, goose-rump. These general 
characters are not those best adapted to man’s requirements from 
horses, but they are suited to enable the unbridled and unmounted 
equine to be swift in the extreme, sure-footed, and capable of remark- 
able endurance. It is not only in respect to less suitability for man’s 
requirements than the horse of civilization that inferences from the 
study of the asses and zebras agree with those which, as on a previous 
occasion we have seen, may be drawn from a study of wild horses. 
The remarks made about wild horses, as regards uses, methods of 
capture, geological range in time, also the physical characters of the 
habitat may be extended tc the true feral Hquidee. 
Traits of temper, character, inclinations, and habits are remark- 
ably uniform in animals of the horse tribe. Tn the study of the ass 
we might almost go over the same ground as that already 
traversed in investigation of the horse; the uncertainty of origin, the 
considerable range of variation, some remarkable limits in geogra- 
phical range under natural influences, and extension of spread 
under human influences, might be commented on. Writers on 
natural history lay stress on the fact that the ass never really goes 
wild as the horse is apt to do, and the zebras never really become 
domesticated; but I doubt whether the former view could be 
thoroughly established, and I have alr ady had occasion to direct 
attention to th efact that the fierceness and untameability of the 
zebras is somewhat overrated, 
Previously we have drawn from such evidence as was to hand in 
the form of geological remains, early art, testimony afforded by 
horses in the present day, and otherwise, a sketch of what 
we considered to be the primitive horse, and concluded that he 
must have been remarkably like the wild asses and zebras of the 
present day. One cannot help going still further backwards in 
time, and surmising that there was a period when the equines 
of the world were only of one kind, the ancestor of the horses, 
asses, and zebras of to-day. Supposing this to have been the 
