Wallflowers 
C. Marshallii (Marshairs), 1 to foot, with orange flowers, is 
thought to be of garden origin—a hybrid between C. Gheiri and C. alpinus. 
cultivation From the fact that Wallflowers do so well in unpro¬ 
mising situations in the wild state, it would be evident that 
their cultivation was no difficult matter; and horticultural experience 
proves this to be so. The amateur may have his house surrounded with 
a blaze of refined colour and the atmosphere laden with delightful 
fragrance with little trouble and cost if he will grow Wallflowers in 
plenty. Light, well-drained soil and a sunny aspect are the chief 
essentials for success. Dig your bed or border in May, and on the fresh 
earth sow your seeds. By the middle of July you will have nice sturdy 
little plants, and when the rains of that month come, as they rarely fail to 
do abundantly, plant the seedlings out a foot apart. There let them stay 
until September or October brings another few days of wet, and then 
finally place them where you wish them to provide their sweetness and 
light in the following spring. If your packet of seed is from a good 
strain, you are almost sure to get a percentage of double-flowered plants, 
and if you wish to propagate these you must do so by taking cuttinga 
These should be taken from young but fully-grown—not woody—plants, 
inserted in sandy soil under a hand-glass, where they soon become 
rooted. If thought desirable, any of the shrubby singles may be pro¬ 
pagated in the same manner; the half-hardy kinds having the additional 
protection of a cold frame outside the hand-glass, where they may be 
kept through the winter. They will succeed well on a rockery, and an 
unsightly old wall-top that gathers all kinds of vagrant weeds may be 
made beautiful by the judicious dropping of a few Wallflower seeds in 
suitable chinks and covering them with light, dry soil, leaving the rest 
to the sun, rain, and dews. It is marvellous what toughness and vigour 
these plants develop, in such situations. Quite recently we watched 
some Wallflowers on the top of a wall, during a gale of wind. They 
appeared to be fixed -by double-acting hinges, so that the wind could 
throw them down, now this way, now that, flat to the wall-top. The 
bruises they received must have been sufficient to entirely destroy most 
plants, to say nothing of the complete demoralisation of the root-fibres. 
A few days later we again looked at them, and found them erect and 
firmly rooted, flowering freely and bearing no signs of their rough 
treatment. 
Description of A couple of single plants, red and yellow, of 
plate 23. (j Cheiri occupy the central position; and these show the 
stalkless leaves, the coloured erect sepals, and how the sepals, petals, 
and stamens drop off, leaving the enlarged siliqua—which is the type of 
