is 
Flowers of garden and greenhouse 
Modesty, rosy purple. 
Mrs. Lakin, white. 
Mrs. Pettifer, white. 
Mrs. Sinicins, white. 
Newmarket, pink. 
Pilrig Park, white, p 
ink, : 
| Reliance, red. 
| Robusta, pink. 
I Shirley Ribberd, rosy purple. 
I The Rector, reddish purple. 
Snowdon, white. 
| Volunteer, rosy purple. 
The type forms of all the species of Dianthus named 
Propagation. ^ ra j se( j f rom se ed, cuttings, or layers, but the named 
varieties, of course, must be propagated only by cuttings or layers. Sweet 
Williams are mostly grown from seed, which should be sown as soon as 
ripe, the seedlings pricked out early, and planted out in the autumn. 
Thus treated they flower the following summer. Chinese Pinks may be 
treated in the same way, but they are usually grown as annuals, the seed 
being sown in the open border in March, and the plants flowering a few 
months later. Seeds of Garden Pinks and Carnations are sown in pans 
and germinated in the greenhouse or on a gentle hot-bed. A packet of 
good mixed seed from one of the best houses will ensure a variety of singles 
and doubles. Good forms of the latter may thus be obtained, and after¬ 
wards multiplied by layers or pipings. It is a good plan to cover the 
seed-pan with a sheet of glass, as this ensures regular moisture and the 
conditions favourable to germination. But as soon as the seed-husk has 
been thrown off, the glass should be removed, or the seedlings will become 
weak or damp off. A bed should now be prepared for their reception, 
and should contain a liberal admixture of loam and well-rotted manure. 
When the seedlings are sufficiently firm, they should be pricked out in 
this bed and allowed to remain until the autumn. In dry weather they 
will require water, and late in September, or at the beginning of October, 
they will be sturdy little plants, and should then be finally placed in the 
flowering beds or borders, provided these are sufficiently well-drained or 
of light soil. Where the soil is damp or heavy many plants are lost in 
winter, and if there is any danger of this happening they must be 
wintered in cold frames. With choice kinds, even where the situation 
is favourable, this course should certainly be adopted to avoid risk of 
loss; advantage being taken of fine weather to give as much air as 
possible, and taking care not to water too freely, until growth commences 
again in March. 
The most popular method of propagation for Carnations is by 
layering. This process is carried out in summer—about the end of 
July and consists in pegging down the shoots, and covering a portion 
with soil. By this treatment roots are induced at the part pegged down, 
and when these are sufficiently developed the new plant thus formed is 
separated from the old and transplanted. First of all, the surroundings 
