G. F. Barker—Physiological Chemistry. 25 
not precipitable by basic plumbic acetate and not fermenta- 
e enumerates three varieties of sugar: Ist, that of the 
intestines, not precipitable or fermentable, does not reduce 
copper-tests; 2d, that of the portal blood, which reduces 
copper-tests, and is not directly fermentable, but becomes so 
on boiling with acid; and 3d, that of the liver and chyle, which 
reduces copper and ferments directly. He asserts that by the 
action of a boiling solution of potash upon albumin, a sugar 
capable of reducing the copper-test is formed. Since as in 
animal fluids like milk, sugar and the albuminates occur 
together, they may be mutually dependent. 
(32.) A paper by Bonnet, confirming Bernard’s results, 
was read at the same session.* Its conclusions are ; Ist, there 
is no sugar in the portal blood of animals fed on meat, though 
the liver and hepatic blood contain it; 2d, sugar is formed 
in the liver posthumously ; 3d, there is no sugar in the general 
circulation of animals on a meat diet; 4th, on starchy food 
after digestion is completed there is no sugar in portal blood ; 
and 5th, if, as Figuier says, the liver actually converts the por- 
tal substance into sugar, this is a true function. ; 
(33.) In a third paper read at this session,f SANSON main- 
tains that glycogenic matter, being intermediate between starch 
and glucose, must vary in its properties according to the stage 
glucose : 
(34.) In another paper, read Sept. 7th,t he says (1) Pelouze’s 
conversion of the glycogenic matter into xyloidin does not 
prove it to be starch, since dextrin may be thus converted ; 
(2) his analysis fails of proving it, the formula given being that 
of glucose ; moreover, starch and dextrin being isomeric, analy- 
sis cannot decide between them ; (3) acetic acid precipitates 
dextrin as well as starch; (4) the glycogenic matter of the 
liver is chemically dextrin, like that in the blood of other 
organs; (5) dextrin is found in the portal blood and in that of 
the general circulation of animals fed exclusively on meat; 
(6) the dextrin in meat is spontaneously converted into sugar, 
when the meat is cut fine, and exposed to Pe 7 for 48 hours; . 
no necessity exists for the assumption of a glycogemic func- 
tee (8) wasieid’s experiments with carrots are unfortunate, 
* 0, R., xlv, 139. + Ib., p. 140. $b, p. 343. 
