78 E. W. Hiigard—Geology of Lower Louisiana. 
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later Dr. Charles A. Gossmann, under the auspices of the Amer 
ican Bureau of Mines, made an examination of the locality, — 
mainly with a view to the exploitation of the deposit ; his re 
port, published by the Bureau, as well as the specimens which — 
he courteously exhibited to me, confirm previous conjectures 
that the overlying strata were the equivalents of the formation 
I have described as the “‘Orange Sand” of Mississippi. I 
therefore gladly availed myself at the earliest possible moment, | 
of the offer of the Smithsonian Institution to defray my expen- — 
ses in making a detailed geological investigation of the region. 7 
The low stage of water prevailing at the time (December, | 
1867,) rendered it possible to observe to the best advantage the , 
formations exhibited on the banks of the Mississippi ; the ex- 
amination of which, from Vicksburg to the Passes, was a need-— 
preliminary step to the determination of the formations of | 
the coast. 
Having previously examined and described the sections ex- 
hibited at Vicksburg, Grand Gulf and Fort Adams,* I merely | 
= at some intermediate points to verify the conclusiol a 
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by ie ered o> of the ‘ inte Sand ” which in its turn is 
capped by the stratum of the “ Loess” or Bluff formatiol 
covered by a thin deposit of “‘ Yellow bonne 3 
“seni sapperepse from the “ Blockhouse hill ” at Fort § 
dams, we observe a wilderness of the characteristic shatp | 
ae of the sey roeiine often fore-shortened into ee | 
ran ng Gandy roper is visible, rent the river, as 
south 5 pon ten ‘but farther inland extends to a \lowe 
— rere! the Loess, it appears in full iiitee and a 
cally developed for some distance south of Fort Adams 
to Dr. Little’ e’s observations) these facet 
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e gradually modified as we advance southward. Li 
deposit thins out, _its materials become poorer in lime and & 
ao and assume the shareo r of a common 
