ROSES 
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petals. In cultivation it has produced semi-double varieties, among 
them the Double Musk of old-fashioned gardens. This species is the 
backbone of the Attar industry, and for a period of unknown duration, 
but going back very many centuries, it has been extensively cultivated 
for this purpose in Tunis, the Balkans, Roumelia, and the South of 
France. So great is the demand for the essence, it is extensively 
adulterated, and difficult to obtain in a pure state; it realises from £20 
to £25 per lb., and an acre of Rose-garden in the Maritime Alps yields 
from £12 to £18 net per annum. 
R. multiflora (many-flowered). Stems climbing, 10 to 12 feet 
high, clothed with cottony filaments, and a few slender prickles. 
Leaflets five or seven, oval, lance-shaped, soft and slightly wrinkled. 
Flowers small, white, pink, or purple, in clusters; June. Sepals short, 
entire, falling early; fruit bright red. There is a double variety (Jlore 
pleno ) resembling the type in all other respects. The variety camea 
has double flowers of a pink hue; var. platyphylla has broader 
leaflets, and large, double, purple flowers. The garden varieties Dose 
de la Grifferaie, Laura Davoust, and Mvltiflorc de Luxembourg owe 
their descent to this species. 
R. nitida (shining). Stems branched, 2 feet, clothed with prickles 
and bristles. Leaves dark green, very shiny; leaflets three to seven; 
narrow, lance-shaped; saw-toothed. Flowers solitary, or in small clusters; 
brilliant red; July. Sepals narrow; petals heart-shaped, concave 
almost erect; foot-stalks bristly. Fruit globular, depressed at top, bright 
scarlet, bristly. Native of North America (introduced 1807). 
R. pomifera (apple-fruited). A native, and described as a form of 
R. villosa by some botanists. It is grown in some gardens for the sake 
of its fruits, which are as large as the largest gooseberries, crimson when 
ripe and covered with long spinous hairs. It forms a handsome bush, 
and flowers freely in June. 
R rubiginosa (rusty). Sweetbriar; Eglantine. Stems 5 or 6 feet, 
clothed with prickles, bristles, and glandular hairs. Leaflets smooth 
above, downy beneath, saw-toothed; densely covered with glands which 
give out the strong sweet odour so characteristic of the plant. Flowers 
pink, one to three in a cluster; June. Fruit globular. A native. 
R. rugosa (wrinkled). Wrinkled Rose. Stems branched, slender, 
4 feet high, densely armed with straight prickles. Leaflets oval, five to 
nine, wrinkled, toothed. Flowers large, solitary, petals notched, red; 
June. Sepals long and slender, hairy, turned back. Fruit large, from 
orange to deep red, globose, somewhat flattened, sepals remaining 
attached. Native of Japan (introduced 1845). Plate 73. 
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