_joitan baat 
INDIAN HAWTHORN 177 
There are five spreading petals and about twenty stamens. The fruit is 
more or less egg-shaped, in some species edible; the cells not bony as in 
Crategus. There are about a dozen species, natives of the mountainous 
regions of India, China, Japan, and California. 
PHOTINIA ARBUTIFOLIA (Arbutus-leaved). Californian 
May-bush. A tree, from 10 to 20 feet high, with oblong- 
lance-shaped, saw-toothed leaves, and panicled white flowers; July. 
The leaf-stalks and young branches are bright red. Introduced 
from California (1796). 
P. JAPONICA (Japanese). Loquat, or Japanese Medlar. A tree, 
from 10 to 20 feet high, with large oblong, wrinkled leaves, downy 
beneath. Flowers white, in drooping racemes; November. Fruit oval, 
“the size of a small apple,” pale orange tinged with red, of a sub- 
acid flavour not unlike that of an apple; ripening in spring or early 
summer. The tree is sufficiently hardy to withstand our ordinary 
winters out of doors, but one of extra severity kills. Owing to the 
late flowering period the fruit cannot be ripened out of doors, but — 
as a pot-plant in the stove it ripens easily. Introduced to Kew from 
China (1787). 
P. SERRULATA (toothed). Chinese Hawthorn. A tree, 10 to 20 feet 
high, with large oblong, toothed leaves, and small white flowers in flat 
terminal corymbs; April to July. Introduced from China (1804). 
Photinias are well suited for training against walls 
outside, where they can be given slight protection in 
very severe weather. They should in any case be given a sheltered 
position, and a light loamy soil. Propagation is effected by means of 
cuttings, or by grafting upon stocks of Pyrus Cydonia. The cuttings 
should be taken about three inches long from the side-shoots, inserted in 
sandy soil and covered with a bell-glass. Grafting is practised for out- 
door growth, and the method adopted is that known as cleft-grafting. 
April is about the best time for the operation, and the graft should be 
contrived as near the ground as possible. 
Principal Species. 
Cultivation. 
INDIAN HAWTHORN 
Natural Order Rosacrez. Genus Rhaphiolepis 
RHAPHIOLEPIS (Greek rhaphis, a needle, and lepis, a scale, in allusion to 
the slender bracts). A genus containing about five species of hardy or 
half-hardy evergreen shrubs or trees, allied to Photinia. They have 
11.—4 
