ee Srna nena any amare 
GAILLARDIAS 287 
lance-shaped, slightly toothed. Flower-heads nearly 4 inches across; 
ray-florets drooping, reddish purple ; ; disk dark brown; —— and 
September. Perennial. 
R. speciosa (showy). Stem eeechie? from bislow, 2 to 5 feet 
high. Leaves ovate or lance - shaped, coarsely toothed. Flower - heads 
3 or 4 inches across; ray-florets orange, disk blackish purple; July to 
October. Perennial. Introduced 1821. 
All the species named above are hardy, and such as will 
do well in ordinary garden soil. The annuals must be pro- 
duced from seed sown in September or March. The perennial species may 
be raised in the same manner, or by dividing the roots in spring. Several 
of the perennials make very fine and handsome plants for the herbaceous 
border. They are also used in some gardens as summer bedding plants. 
Cultivation. 
GATELGLARDIAS 
Natural Order Composttz. Genus Gaillardia 
GAILLARDIA (named by Fougére in honour of M. Gaillard de Marentonneau, 
a French botanist). A genus of showy herbs, comprising about eight 
species, with solitary yellow or purple flower-heads, 2 or 3 inches across. 
The ray-florets are often two-coloured, and end in from three to five teeth ; 
sometimes flat, sometimes trumpet- shaped. The disk-florets are separated 
by bristles, and the fruits are crowned by a pappus of six to ten scales, 
each ending in an awn. The bracts of the involucre are in one or two 
series, When examined with a lens the hairs of the stems and leaves 
will be seen to be curiously jointed. The species are natives of North 
and Extra-tropical South America. 
Gaillardia pulchella, the earliest cultivated species in 
this country, was introduced in 1787, from Carolina, under 
the name of G. bicolor. Its var. picta, in various forms, is most widely 
cultivated. G. aristata was introduced from the United States in 1812, 
and several of its varieties are garden favourites. Some of these (such as 
History. 
go wndiflora and maxima) far surpass the species in their brilliance and 
size. Other garden varieties are probably hybrids between these two 
perennial species. G. amblyodon is an annual of recent (1873) introduc- 
tion from Texas. Theyare all perfectly hardy, except in very exposed places. 
GAILLARDIA AMBLYODON (blunt-toothed). Stems 2 to 3 
feet high. Radical leaves somewhat spoon-shaped ; stem- 
leaves half-clasping, oblong, coarsely toothed at upper end. Ray-florets 
spreading, blood-red, three-lobed; October. Annual. 
Principal Species. 
