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Physics and Chemistry. 123 
At present there is a difference merely of 80° between the mean 
temperature of the equator and the poles;* but were each part of 
the globe’s surface to depend alone upon the direct heat which it 
receives from the sun, there ought, according to theory, to bea 
difference of more than 200°. The annual quantity of heat received » 
at the equator to that received at the poles, —o the bt os 
tionate quantity absorbed by the atmosphere 
both cases, is as 12 = 4°98, or, say, as 12 to s Consequently if 
the temperatures of the equator and the poles be taken as propor- 
tionate to the absolute amount of heat received from the sun, then 
the temperature of the equator above that of = mes must be to 
that of the poles above that of space as 12 to 5. What ought 
therefore, to be the temperatures of the equator and the poles, did 
each place depend wert upon the heat which it receives directly 
from the sun? Were all ocean and aérial currents bias 7 9. so that 
there could be no iincne of heat from one part of the earth’s 
mate on this point. If we diminish the vai of warm water 
conveyed from the ip mages — to the temperate and arctic 
regions, the temperature of the equator will b to rise and the 
temperature of the poles to pen It is probable, however, that 
this process would affect the temperature of the poles more than 
it would do that of the equator; for as the warm water flows from 
we ee to pou poles, the wm over which it is Bpress. Wee becomes 
ess 
temperature of the tem ‘is ane as well as the oe the dif- 
7 
a equator bein - rise and the “inperan ture of the poles es to st 
u t rays of the sun, the mean annual temperature of 
the equator above that ~ _ — ms that of the poles, 
above that of space, as 1 portion is reache 
for 374 is to 156 as 12 in to 5. eb a et di ture of space we kava 
seen to be —239°, permis the temperature of the equator 
Fahren- 
will in this case be 135°, reckoned from the zero of the 
heit thermometer, a 7 the poles 83° below zero e t 
would therefore be 55° er than at present, and the poles 83° 
colder. e difference between the a of the equator 
a ii ag will in this case amount to 2 
of the equator, acco: ‘Se: 
of the wos pole 023. Bu But as dare | is of sco sanerttle ni Prati 4 on poe 
mean temperature of the poles, we may take the difference - 
senetiper p . y nce in rena 4 Hise 
