342 oJ. .L. Smith on flame heat in the Chemical Laboratory. 
claimed by several, and doubtless was wecrpoe'rs by different 
individuals at about the same time, without a previous knowl- 
each other’s results ; _ method is still more or less 
sarployed for certain purpos 
The next step in this deociitn and doubtless the most impor- 
tant up to the present time, is to burn the mixture of gas an 
air without the agency of wire gauze; it was first made known 
to the public in the burner commonly called the Bunsen burn- 
er, doubtless from its being either invented or brought into ex- 
tensive practical use by the distinguished chemist of Heidel- 
berg. Its form is too well known to require more than a mere 
mention here, and it is now made of all sizes from those capa- 
ble of burning 4 cubic feet of gas and under, to those which 
can burn 15 or 20 cubic feet from a single burner, or from a 
combination of several smaller ones. To this burner, some ma- 
terial’additions have been made by different individuals. J. J. 
Griffin, (the chemical instrument dealer in London), was, I be- 
heve, the first to introduce the use of the rosette and the regis- 
its furnace arrangements, is unavoidably of a form and on a 
scale limiting its application 
he usual form of the Bunsen burner, with the rosette and 
register (when required), bids fair to hold its own against any | 
other form for general purposes, and whatever modifications 
may be made on it shoald be of such a character as not to en- 
trench on its simplicity. One or two of these modifications are 
now in daily use in my laboratory, for which there is no claim 
to any se originality, nor are they intended to supplant the 
ordinary form. 
simple an instrument as the Bunsen burner appears to be, 
its principles pees effects are well worthy of being carefully 
studie 
As the gas passes from the small orifices* in the lower part 
of the burner, and mixes with the air drawn in at the lower 
opening, and passes out at the open end of the tube, it usually 
contains not quite enough oxygen for its complete combustion, 
and requires free access of air to the outer portion of the flame 
* The outlet for gas may be in the form of crossed slits or two small holes es of 
* (1-32 Fines long; the nex Sieve small size bu uner, the length of tu tube bein, being about 1 
