392 Scientific Intelligence. 
The atomic heat, w, of an element (=ge, where g is the spend weight 
sw c ae specific heat of the substance), he endeavors to 
where @ is a constant, the same for all the elements, joie n the 
pbaracterietic of the element. Therefore, if « represents the number of 
the sum of the atomic heat of the several atoms, it follows that 
wW=ge—= Za .an=azZen, 
Schmidt makes a number of suppositions in regard to @ and hence 
. r J 32 
obtains different values of n. For solids he takes either I= 55 ——1'0666 
or a=0°8; for gases he adopts a—=0°86, and correspondingly “or n. 
Gases. 
n a=1'0666 a=0°8 a=0'86 
2 | H,C,B, Si Cc H 
See Ge 5d H, B, Si 
$e ae hae O, 0, N,8 
5 | N,S 0; P Br, Cl 
6 | Cl, Br, I, and metals | F P,S 
us N,S 
8 Cl, Br, I, and metals | As, Sn, Ti 
A glance at this table is enough to convince any one that this suppo- 
sition cannot be correct. e need only to calculate the values wan 
from this table, ad compare them with those used by Kopp, to see that 
the so-called “ snot ” js essentially ec anatied Ber, by having no 
_ character whateve 
We should not pe referred to this memoir if we had not found the 
closing pages thereof to contain a ici accurate eg determina- 
tion of the spect fic gravity 9 of all permanent , and of vapors above 
their boiling points (that of sete, ey air ==1). If g be the weight of 
a molecule of equal volume with HCl or NH,, he finds 5=0-0346832 9, 
yon ossible error in the coéfficient of less than one-fifth per cent, and 
actual error of less than one-fiftieth per cent. To find this very im- 
eat number he makes use of a sslsicn from the mechanical theory 
gen. 
onygen (11099) is much more seliable than the observed 
finds furthermore, the mechanical equivalent of heat ‘Fea 4 22°06 
meterilograms (for kilogram. -Centigrade) instead of Joule’s, 423°54, 
A=; the specific heat of aqueous vapor —H,© 0°3822. As a fur- 
ther consequenee from an empirical relation, g(C’—C)=2, (where C 
specific heat by constant pressure, C rational specific heat) he finds finally 
the Gay-Lussac Mariotte’s law expressible in APY 2; or, by heating @ 
