J. D. Dana on Cephalization. 167 
sects; or in Insects as in Mammals; although the grand funda- 
mental principle at the basis of the organism is the same in each. 
3. Our objector observes again, with like misconception of 
the subject, that as “the conversion of the front wings into 
elytra amounts to a decephalization,” “instead of classing He- 
miptera as inferior to Coleoptera and Orthoptera to Hemiptera, 
we ought to adopt exactly the opposite arrangement. For Cole- 
, 1, Orthoptera, 
,» Hemiptera, 3, Coleoptera, instead of the reverse.” 
Thus, Mr. Walsh sets up his man of straw, and combats it 
with great success. 
flying-wings; I say, further, that the fore-wings may be used for 
_ Hying, and still, if the hinder wings are the more powerful, 
the Insects are metasthenic, and have the characteristic of the 
inferior or Coleopteroid division 
~ oe ander meaning of cephalization in their composition, 
terior wings are the only flying wings or, ne ng 
In all the species; and this is true also, of the Hemipters and 
Orthopters : while they are not all metastheni¢ as regards t le 
°88 ; for under these groups there bordinate : mee 
include among the species both those that are rosthenic and those — 
, tt are metasthenic as regards the : 
therefore, as a matter of fact, of limited importance or compre- 
legs. The latter distinction is, ce... 
