370 A. S. Bickmore on the Ainos of Saghalien. 
hollow in them ; then they have reeds into which is inserted a 
short stick ; when they want to make fire, they put the short 
stick in the hollow and rub it between the hands, so that it 
turns round, and so being dipped in sulphur, they hold that 
to it and soon have burning fire 
In 1698 Kamtschatka became known to the Europeans, and 
fifteen years after a Cossack reached Kunashir, the twentieth 
island in the chain from the continent. In 1736 S panberg 
left Petropaulski and visited the Kurile Islands, paeaglien 
from the Russian word kuril, “‘to smoke.” After Spanberg’s 
voyage hee people w were known as “the Kuriles” or “the 
Hai uriles,’” and as early as 1764, a book was written by 
Krasheninicof® * which contained a more minute and complete 
account of the appearance and habits of that part of this peo- 
ple than any work I am able to find. Their religion and 
character are thus described : 
“They are as ignorant of a Deity as the ee 
y this 
protection shee think themselves safe in all their org 2 
| account is given by Capt. Vries of the Ainos on the 
eastern coast of Yesso and the southern part of Saghalien. 
_ He says: “ When they sit round a pond and drink, they first 
pour out a few drops in several places round about the pee 
as if they sacrificed. They have some cut fir sticks with shav- 
ings to them, which they stick into the earth in many 
places, and hang them to the walls in the houses. When ce 
one pan pag them is ill, they cut long shavings off these sticks 
wind them round the head and arms of the patient” 
Those sticks Siebold thinks agree with the Sinto of t Japa- 
nd are symbols of divinities in their ancient religion. 
y, bh 
a respect vole, and. an 
Bother, p ab cuer Shak oe ote It is a 
| “with w hat hospitality they receive such as 
