250 Scientific Intelligence. 
re observed both in Europe and America that the temperature 
e flowering and fruiting season mainly controls the distri- 
tion of plants i in latitude. The line of 65°, average tempera- 
ture during June, July, August and September, indicating the 
northern limit of ‘the grape ‘culture, at the same time is nearly 
coincident with the northern range of various other plants. 
nd in this country the same line agrees very nearly with that 
of 50° determined for April, May and June. It is, therefore, 
evident that the distribution of the birds may be very similar in 
some respects to plants, and consequently to insects and other 
animals dependent upon them for food, even though not depend- 
ing upon precisely the same season. 
The discovery long since made by Prof. Dana that the Crus- 
tacea are influenced in their distribution in latitude mainly by 
the temperature of the winter months is evidently connected 
with the same law. 
SCIENTIFIC INTELLIGENCE. 
I, CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS. 
. On the influence of the electro-negative elements upon the spectra of 
sa etals.—D1acon has published an nebo, paper upon the influ- 
ence ee chlorine, bromine, ake an rine upon the spectra of vari- 
ous elements and has confirmed and Sconied the results of Mitsch 
lich. The memoir is jonaed by a good historical introduction, and is 
illustrated by four excellent figures of spectra. The author sums up his 
results as follows: 
The — certain — which are very rapidly d ecomposed in 
the gas-fla t least partially volatilized in S ehloridising flame 
and are therefore teed . tated spectra, dent spectra in gen: 
eral differ from those which observed with the oxyds of the same 
metals in an eon g flan 
The chlorid, bromid, iodid. ind fluorid of the same metal, Peet in an 
ince "ie ier whi on appear with the chlorids belong to spectra 
which characterize these salts when volatilized in a chloridizing flame, it 
: e bromi 
would give in flames shies fs not act upon them. Hence it follows 
that if it were possible to make with these salts —— similar to 
elemen 
those made thd the ‘chlorids, - should have 
barium for instance, five differen 
Diacon considers 
ra. oo 
the nee te sf the ahaa element i aa 
: 
: 
q 
sg 
: 
; 
