GYPSUM DEPOSITS OF NEW YORK 2.'] 



selenite gives to the beds an appearance of higli quality which is 

 at once dispelled by a glance at the analysis below which is based 

 on an average sample taken from a 50-ton lot from the bed of 

 Mr Duane Clock at Cbckville, and analyzed by Prof. F. E. 

 Englehardt. 



Gypsum (CaS04. zH^O) 



Calcium carbonate (CaCOg ) . . . . 

 Magnesium carbonate (MgCO^ ) 



Iron oxid (FeaOg ) 



Aluminum oxid (AI2O3 ) ■ 



Insoluble (SiO, etc.) 



Moisture and organic .... 



70 

 6 



.6421 



.9073 

 .1891 



4 



.9200 



5 

 4- 



9000 

 4415 



The quarrying and grinding of gypsum for agricultural uses have 

 been carried on in the county from early times. In the first part 

 of the 19th century it was a much more important industry than 

 now. Some of the quarries then in operation were those of Gobb, 

 Merrill and Wright along Cowaselon creek in the town of Lincoln 

 (formerly Lenox) : those of Judge Seeler and Mr Lawrence on 

 Clockville creek ; and the old Sullivan bed to the east and north of 

 Chittenango which was worked during the Revolution and its 

 plaster shipped as far as Philadelphia. Also the Van Valkenburgh 

 quarry south of Chittenango, Bull's and Brown's quarries between 

 Sullivan and Clockville, and doubtless many others were in opera- 

 tion about 1840. In recent years pockets of gypsum have also been 

 worked intermittently at Hobokenville, where is situated the Tuttle 

 quarry and mill, and about i mile south of Cottons where the mill 

 and quarry owned by R. D. Button are located. 



The gypsum bed at Clockville, now owned by Duane Clock, is as 

 favorably situated as any in the county for extraction and shipment. 

 The bed, some 100 feet long and 5 to 7 feet thick, outcrops along 

 the Elmira, Cortland and Northern Railroad about J4 "^ile north- 

 east of the Cloclcville station, 200 feet north of the railroad bridge 

 crossing the creek. Another bed outcrops just so'Uth of the bridge 

 while the surrounding hills contain numerous other deposits. The 

 gypsum is the typical friable admixture of selenite and impure gyp- 

 seous clay. It is underlain by Salina shales and overlain by clay. 

 It contains on the average about 'jo to 75 per cent gypsum and can 

 be easily and cheaply mined and loaded directly on cars. 



About 5 miles farther west are gypsium beds owned by Cyrus 

 Worlock and R. D. Button which are of similar character and are 

 also easily accessible. Other deposits are found near the Erie canal, 

 such as those between Chittenango and Sullivan, They are in many 



