REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST I9O9 89 



come badly curled. The need of special treatment for aphis 

 outbreaks must, of necessity, depend upon several factors, 

 namely, favorable weather conditions and the relative abund- 

 ance of natural enemies. It has been shown above that ab- 

 normally cool weather in the spring and early summer is likely 

 to be followed by aphid outbreaks, owing to the fact that 

 plant lice reproduce readily under such conditions, while the 

 activities of their natural enemies are seriously hindered. Con- 

 sequently, an incipient attack by plant lice, accompanied by a 

 scarcity of natural enemies and the probability of continued 

 cool weather, should serve as a warning to the fruit grower 

 and result in immediate spraying. 



NOTES FOR THE YEAR 



The following are brief notices of some of the more injurious 

 species which have come to attention from time to time through- 

 out the season. 



Fruit tree pests • 



Fruit tree bark beetle (Eccoptogaster rugulosus 

 Ratz.). This insect is more or less prevalent from year to 

 year and is best known on account of its injuries to plum and 

 peach. The past season the writer found a large apple tree 

 in the orchard of William Page of Bethany, N. Y. which had 

 evidently been killed by this insect. It may possibly have 

 been in an unhealthy condition prior to the attack though the 

 numerous galleries of the borers on practically all of the smaller 

 limbs give unquestioned evidence that this species was the 

 initial cause of the trouble. The operations of this pest were 

 also observed in a young pear orchard at North Rose, one small 

 tree having been killed in early August this season and others 

 exhibiting more or less evidence of serious injury. 



Canker worms. These voracious leaf feeders have been al- 

 lowed to continue their devastations in the southeastern portion 

 of New York State in particular. Hundreds of apple trees in 

 Port Chester and northward were practically stripped of leaves 

 the past season and from the appearance of the trees one might 

 infer that this condition had prevailed for a number of years 

 past. These common pests, easily controlled by timely appli- 

 cations of an arsenical poison or by the employment of sticky 

 bands, have been noticed innumerable times. A summary dis- 

 cussion of these insects and methods of controlling them is 



