14 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



ing brick, of which the number made was 1,090,506,000, valued at 

 $5,938,922, against 1,190,374,000 in 1912 valued at $6,666,945. 

 Front brick also showed a decline, with a value of $99,736 against 

 $109,657; fire brick and stove lining fell off, $371,408 against $380,- 

 005; and terra cotta showed a decline, $1,113,322 against $1,139,291 

 in the preceding year. The product of paving brick, on the other 

 hand, increased over 50 per cent, the output having a value of 

 $576,970, as compared with $382,984 in 1912 ; and pottery also 

 showed a notable increase. 



The production was distributed among 36 counties of the State. 

 Onondaga county had the largest clay-working industry and re- 

 ported an output valued at $1,613,395, a gain of $245,050 for the 

 year. Ulster county occupied second place with a production of 

 $1,077,655, all common building brick. Erie county with a pro- 

 duction of $1,000,055 displaced Rockland county from third place. 

 The production from Rockland county amounted to $820,475. Cat- 

 taraugus, Chautauqua and Greene counties made considerable in- 

 creases due principally to the greater activity in the paving brick 

 industry. Other counties reporting a gain over 19 12 were Albany, 

 Cayuga, Livingston, Monroe, Niagara, Ontario, Queens and 

 Schenectady. 



The basis of New York's clay-working industry is the wide- 

 spread occurrence of common clays that are adapted to the manu- 

 facture of building brick, drain tile and materials of that class. 

 These clays are found at the surface, being of glacial derivation 

 and are usually of blue color, weathering to yellow on exposure. 

 They burn readily and yield a product of reddish color. In addition 

 there are extensive beds of shales, especially in the Devonic for- 

 mations, which are valuable for the manufacture of paving brick 

 and pressed building brick. The deposits of white-burning clays 

 are quite restricted and occur only in certain localities on Long 

 Island and Staten Island. 



