THE MINING AND QUARRY INDUSTRY I913 



Analyses of New York State shales and clays 



25 



Si0 2 



ALOs 



Fe,0 3 



CaO 



MgO 



Na 2 0, K 2 



SO* 



CO, 



H,0 



58.44 

 27 -45 



1. 16 



2.23 



64.30 



33-6o 



1 .46 

 1.30 



44 



74 



18 



70 



4 



25 



11 



25 



1 



29 



1 



20 



2 



78 



25 



67 



29 



15 



85 



6 



16 





95 





19 



8 



7i 











52.30 

 18.85 



6.55 

 336 



4-49 

 6.00 



68.00 

 15.00 

 12.00 



52.70 



21.48 



7.02 



3-49 



•44 



2.27 



3-20 



7.46 



56.00 

 22.50 

 6.70 

 1 .20 

 1 .40 

 3-70 



1 Hamilton shale, Portland Point. From U. S. G. S. Bui. 522. 



2 Hudson shale; analysis quoted from same report. 



3 Clay, Warners. From N. Y. State Mus. Bui. 35- 



4 Shale, Hornell. Same reference. 



5 Shale, Warners. Same reference. 



6 Shale, Cairo. Same reference. 



7 Clay, Cat skill. From Percival Gold an & Son, Cat skill. 



8 Average of 50 clays and shales used in paving brick, quoted from " Vitrified 



Paving Brick," 1895. 



Success in brick manufacture commercially depends to a great 

 extent upon shipping facilities and the ability to reach the important 

 markets at a low cost. This becomes evident when the bulk of the 

 material is considered in connection with its value. It is also highly 

 essential that the plant be placed near a cheap fuel supply, which in 

 this State means soft coal. For that reason the western counties 

 which are traversed by the railroads leading to the Pennsylvania 

 bituminous fields have certain advantages. The cost of fuel ranks 

 next to the item of labor in the expense of manufacture. Of the 

 total costs, labor probably constitutes from 50 to 60 per cent. De- 

 tailed figures are almost impossible to secure in the manufacture of 

 paving brick. The actual cost in the local, plants is very close to 

 $10 or $11 a thousand. The selling prices of paving brick, for a 

 number of years past, have averaged around $16 a thousand at the 

 plant. 



The distribution of plants now active, or recently active, in the 

 industry affords an idea as to the widespread extent of the natural 

 resources. There are ten of these plants, situated at the following 

 localities : one at Binghamton, Broome county ; one at Catskill, 

 Greene county ; one at Elmira, Chemung county ; one at Corning, 

 Steuben county ; two at Olean, Cattaraugus county ; one at Hornell, 

 Steuben county ; one at Jamestown, Chautauqua county ; one at 



