THE MINING AND QUARRY INDUSTRY I9I3 53 



and near the contact of the Lower and Upper Siluric. Clifton 

 Springs, Ontario county, and Massena Springs, St Lawrence county, 

 are among the localities where sulphureted water occur and are 

 utilized. 



The Oak Orchard springs in the town of Byron, Genesee county, 

 are noteworthy for their acid waters which contain a considerable 

 proportion of aluminum, iron, calcium and magnesium, besides free 

 sulphuric acid. 



The Lebanon spring, Columbia county, is the single representa- 

 tive in the State of the class of thermal springs. It has a temper- 

 ature of 75 F. and is slightly charged with carbon dioxid and 

 nitrogen. 



Ordinary spring waters. The greater quantity of spring waters 

 consumed in the State belongs to the nonmedicinal, noncarbonated 

 class, represented by such springs as the Great Bear, Deep Rock, 

 Mount View, Sun Ray, Chemung etc. The waters are obtained 

 either by flowing springs or from artesian wells and are shipped 

 in carboys or in tank cars to the principal cities where they are 

 bottled and distributed by wagons among the consumers. The 

 essential feature of such waters is their freedom from noxious 

 impurities. This is generally safeguarded by the care exercised in 

 the handling of the waters which are also regularly examined in 

 the chemical and bacteriological laboratories. 



Carbon dioxid. Carbon dioxid is given off in quantity by some 

 of the wells at Saratoga Springs, and its collection and storage for 

 shipment constituted for many years an important industry at that 

 place. Over thirty wells have been bored there for gas alone. The 

 industry has now been discontinued by force of a legislative enact- 

 ment; it was considered that the pumping of the wells for the 

 production of the gas was detrimental to the other springs that 

 were utilized solely for their waters. For some time the value of 

 the natural gas secured from the wells exceeded that of the mineral 

 water sales. 



List of springs. The following list includes the names and 

 localities of most of the springs in the State that are employed 

 commercially, as shown by a canvass of the industry : 



NAME LOCALITY 



Baldwin Mineral Spring Cayuga, Cayuga county 



Coyle & Cay wood (Arrowhead Spring) . . . Weedsport, Cayuga county 



Diamond Rock Spring Cherry Creek, Chautauqua county 



M. J. Spicer Westneld, Chautauqua county 



Breesport Oxygenated Spring Breesport, Chemung county 



Breesport Deep Rock Water Co Breesport, Chemung county 



