52 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



of the conspicuous cornicles or so-called honey tubes. The adult 

 red bug may be recognized by the sprinkling of fine, whitish scales 

 on the head, thorax and wing covers, the dark or fuscous area 

 anteriorly on the pronotum and the absence of a fuscous margin 

 posteriorly — characters absent in the adult lined red bug. Prac- 

 tically speaking, there seems to be little need of differentiating be- 

 tween the two species, since their habits are so similar and control 

 measures almost identical. 



These two plant bugs are widely distributed in New York State 

 and appear to have spread to the apple from the thorn apple or 

 Crataegus. The eggs are laid in late June or during July in the 

 bark, usually two year old wood, and do not hatch until after 

 the leaves of the fruit buds are open, in the case of the red bug; 

 those of the false red bug hatching about a week later. The young 

 pass through several stages, those of the two species resembling 

 each other closely and attaining maturity in June. 



These pests appear to be very susceptible to tobacco preparations, 

 since experiments have shown that a black leaf extract diluted 

 i to 65 or black leaf 40, 1 to 800, will destroy the young. The 

 first application should be made just before the blossoms open 

 and the second with the usual spray for the codling moth, the 

 .only additional expense being the addition of the tobacco extract 

 to the poisoned fungicide usually employed. Where practical it is 

 suggested that the winter application for San Jose scale be delayed 

 as late as possible and three-fourths of a pint of black leaf extract 

 added to each 100 gallons for the purpose of destroying red bugs 

 as well as the San Jose scale. This treatment would also be very 

 effective in checking plant lice. It is quite possible that the tobacco 

 added to the codling moth spray would, under most circumstances, 

 be all that would be necessary to prevent material injury by either 

 of these pests. 



Comparative descriptions of the adults of these two species 

 with observations upon their habits are given in the 26th report 

 of the State Entomologist (Museum Bulletin 147) and Prof. C. R. 

 Crosby of Cornell University has published a detailed account of 

 the two forms, illustrating the various stages, in Bulletin 291 of 

 the Cornell University Agricultural Experiment Station. The read- 

 ers desiring additional details are referred to these two publications. 



Pear Psylla (Psylla pyricola Riley) . The pest was 

 rather abundant last July in orchards in and about Barker, especially 

 where there had been some slackness in treatment. The foliage in 



