﻿IO NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



To the south of the Mohawk a narrow belt of Utica shale occurs 

 up to an elevation of about 550 feet. Above this the black Utica 

 shale changes into the gray Lorraine shale having a thickness of 

 about 440 feet, and forming the northern slope of the southern 

 escarpment. At an elevation of about iooo feet come the northern 

 outcropping edges of the Oneida conglomerate. This contains also 

 shale and gray sandstone layers, often cross-bedded with interven- 

 ing layers of fissile gray shales. In all there are about 100 feet of 

 this formation. 



Above the Oneida are no feet of Clinton shales, limestones, 

 sandstones, and red hematite ore. The shales, limestones, and ore 

 form the lower part and change upward into sandstone. 



The Clinton is covered with 200 feet or more of red Salina shales 

 The lower contact was found in the central southern part of the 

 quadrangle and the upper contact in the southwestern portion. 

 These are the only two outcrops, the region between being- covered 

 with thick drift. Above the red Salina, in the extreme southwestern 

 portion only, were found 10 feet of green Salina shales and these 

 were overlain in turn by gray, fissile, shaly limestone and greenish 

 shales aggregating over 70 feet in thickness. The upper limit was 

 covered. One of the bottom layers contained abundant crystal 

 cavities in a black shaly limestone or calcareous shale. The middle 

 portion in one place was a mass of sun cracks, indicating the condi- 

 tions of formation. 



The top of the Salina is covered with two different boulder clays 

 and in the ridge beginning south of Norwich Corners is found the 

 Manlius. Just beyond the southern edge of the map are the well- 

 known Litchfield waterlime quarries. 



Eastern New York. Saratoga and SchuylcrviUc quadrangles. 

 The areal survey of the Saratoga region has been carried well 

 toward completion by Messrs Cushing, Miller and Ruedemann. In 

 my last report, on referring to this subject and this region, I indi- 

 cated the importance of a survey which, in view of the public 

 interest in acquiring the mineral water rights of Saratoga Springs 

 by the State, would take the form not merely of a surface study 

 of the rock outcrops and dislocations but involve a subterranean 

 exploration directed to ascertain the relations of the rock strata to 

 the origin and accumulations of the saline waters and the relation 

 of both to the stores of carbon dioxid. This subterranean 

 investigation would involve an expenditure greater than our appro- 

 priations for areal geology will allow. The proposed plan has there- 



