Mundesley type.) 



114 mOF. J. PKESTWICH ON THE EELA.TION OF THE 



possibly be due to the circumstance that they consist in large part 

 of small seeds which may have escaped notice or been destroyed 

 from having been lodged in a matrix not so favourable for their 

 preservation as the other bed. 



In conclusion, if I am right in my interpretation of these intricate 

 sections, the Crag of the Weybourn Cliffs has no standing ^er se, but 

 results from the junction of the Bure-Yalley and Norvrich Beds; 

 i while with respect to the Bure-Valley Crag, as at present 

 held, I cannot but think it open to the same doubt, although I believe 

 in the existence of an upper division with marine shells, newer than 

 the Norwich Crag, but having a much more limited fauna. 



The construction I would therefore put upon the Pre-Glacial 

 strata underlying the Boulder-clay Scries on the coast of Norfolk is 

 as under : — 



fl. Laminated clays, sands, and shingle with plant- 

 I remains and freshwater shells (The Arctic 



Freshwater Bed of Beid). 

 The Westleton and | 2. Sand and quartzose shingle with marine shells 

 Mundesley Beds. {The-{ (The Jjedn-myaXis Bed of King and Beid). 



I 3. Carbonaceous clays and sands, with flint-gravel 

 and pebbles of clay, driftwood, land- and lacus- 

 trine shells and seeds. ( The Upper Freshwater 

 Bed of Beid.) 

 f 4. A greenish clay, sandy and laminated in places, 

 I containing abundant Mammalian remains and 



I driftwood, with stumps of trees standing on 



its surface. ( The Forest- and Elephant-hed of 

 authors. The Estuarlne divisioii of Beid.) 

 j 5. Ferruginous clay, peat with land and freshwater 

 I remains, and gravel. (The Lower Freshwater 



[ Bed of Beid.) 



The marine fauna of the " Mundesley and Westleton Beds " is 

 very limited and often fails us. On the other hand there is a 

 structural feature singularly persistent, that is, the presence through- 

 out, from South wold to Bacton, Mundesley, Eunton, and Weybourn, 

 of a shingle everywhere of the same character. The intercalated clay 

 and peaty beds, with their land and freshwater remains, are subor- 

 dinate, and confined to the east coast of Norfolk. 



Although allied to the Norwich Crag by their marine fauna, 

 and conformable with it in places, the Westleton and Mundesley 

 beds constitute on the whole a distinct and separate group 

 formed under changed physiographical conditions, — conditions that 

 led to their extension far beyond the Crag areaf ; while, as I shall 



* The fauna and flora of these beds are of peculiar interest, and have for 

 years past been the object of active research on the part of many geologists. 

 Large collections of the remarkable Mammalian i-emains have been made by 

 Miss Anna Gurney, Mr. J. Gunn, and Mr. R. Fitch, and are now in large part 

 preserved in the Norwich Museum. The later careful researches of Mr. C. Reid 

 have made great additions to the smaller life and vegetable forms. (For details 

 and lists, see Mr. C. Reid's Cromer Memoir before cited, and Mr. John Gunu's 

 • Sketch of the Geology oi' Norfolk.') 



t We have evidence, however, of a similar southern drift in the presence 

 of chert from the Lower Greensand, and quartz, quartzites, and other such 

 specimens either from the Ardennes or the Rhenish ProNinces, at the base of 

 the Red Crag, and somewhat similar indications at the base of the Coralline 

 Crag. 



The Forest-Bed Group * ■{ 



