﻿<5<5 
  NEW 
  YORK 
  STATE 
  MUSEUM 
  

  

  And 
  where 
  upon. 
  the 
  bay 
  of 
  glass 
  

   That 
  mirrors 
  him 
  on 
  either 
  hand, 
  

   His 
  shadow 
  Sandanona 
  throws 
  : 
  

   By 
  Gwiendauqua's 
  bristling 
  fall, 
  

   Through 
  Twen-ungasko's 
  echoing 
  glen, 
  

   To 
  wild 
  Ouluska's 
  inmost 
  den, 
  

   Alone 
  — 
  alone 
  with 
  that 
  poor 
  thrall, 
  

   I 
  wrestled 
  life 
  away 
  in 
  all 
  ! 
  

  

  It 
  will 
  be 
  readily 
  seen 
  that 
  Hoffman 
  took 
  liberties 
  with 
  some 
  

   names 
  in 
  these 
  lines, 
  but 
  he 
  unites 
  local 
  names 
  and 
  features 
  in 
  a 
  

   very 
  striking 
  way. 
  He 
  also 
  spoke 
  of 
  a 
  feature 
  of 
  this 
  region 
  easily- 
  

   seen, 
  and 
  which 
  is 
  frequent 
  elsewhere 
  : 
  " 
  The 
  geographical 
  names, 
  

   often 
  traceable 
  to 
  at 
  least 
  four 
  different 
  languages, 
  are 
  necessarily 
  

   much 
  confused; 
  while 
  from 
  occasional 
  similarity 
  of 
  physical 
  fea- 
  

   tures 
  in 
  lake 
  and 
  mountain, 
  none 
  but 
  our 
  habitual 
  dwellers 
  in 
  these 
  

   solitudes 
  could 
  properly 
  identify 
  the 
  Indian 
  terms 
  with 
  the 
  local- 
  

   ities 
  to 
  which 
  they 
  refer." 
  In 
  these 
  names 
  he 
  followed 
  Gallatin 
  

   closely 
  and 
  seems 
  to 
  have 
  adapted 
  some 
  from 
  him. 
  

  

  Ad-i-ron-dacks, 
  tree 
  eaters, 
  is 
  a 
  name 
  now 
  applied 
  to 
  a 
  large 
  

   group 
  of 
  mountains, 
  and 
  pronounced 
  Ha-te-en-tox 
  by 
  the 
  Onon- 
  

   dagas. 
  It 
  was 
  the 
  name 
  of 
  a 
  Canadian 
  people 
  who 
  were 
  formidable 
  

   foes 
  of 
  the 
  Iroquois 
  and 
  often 
  invaded 
  their 
  territory. 
  

  

  All-na-pook-na-pus 
  is 
  Sabele's 
  name 
  for 
  Indian 
  lake, 
  and 
  it 
  may 
  

   be 
  defined 
  the 
  lake 
  which 
  is 
  very 
  clear. 
  

  

  At-a-te-a, 
  abbreviated 
  from 
  geihuhatatie, 
  a 
  river, 
  is 
  usually 
  ap- 
  

   plied 
  in 
  whole 
  or 
  part 
  to 
  the 
  Hudson, 
  but 
  is 
  given 
  here 
  to 
  the 
  

   Sacondaga, 
  one 
  of 
  its 
  large 
  branches. 
  

  

  Ca-ho-ga-ron-ta, 
  torrent 
  in 
  the 
  woods, 
  is 
  thus 
  defined 
  by 
  Hoff- 
  

   man, 
  but 
  the 
  only 
  suggestion 
  of 
  locality 
  is 
  in 
  the 
  poem 
  quoted 
  above. 
  

   It 
  is 
  derived 
  from 
  kaihogha, 
  a 
  creek 
  or 
  small 
  river, 
  and 
  garonta, 
  a 
  

   tree, 
  and 
  might 
  be 
  applied 
  to 
  any 
  considerable 
  forest 
  stream. 
  

  

  Con-gam-unck 
  creek 
  is 
  a 
  new 
  name 
  in 
  this 
  county, 
  referring 
  to 
  a 
  

   lake 
  and 
  not 
  a 
  stream. 
  It 
  is 
  thus 
  out 
  of 
  place. 
  

  

  Cough-sa-ra-ge, 
  the 
  dismal 
  wilderness 
  according 
  to 
  French, 
  or 
  

   Cough-sa-gra-ge, 
  rendered 
  the 
  beaver-hunting 
  grounds 
  of 
  the 
  Five 
  

   Nations 
  by 
  others, 
  covers 
  more 
  than 
  Essex 
  county 
  on 
  early 
  maps 
  r 
  

   and 
  mention 
  has 
  already 
  been 
  made 
  of 
  the 
  name. 
  The 
  name 
  seems 
  

   to 
  refer 
  to 
  winter. 
  In 
  the 
  third 
  edition 
  of 
  his 
  account 
  of 
  the 
  colo- 
  

   nies, 
  1766, 
  Governor 
  Pownall 
  mentioned 
  one 
  great 
  hunting 
  ground 
  

   of 
  the 
  Five 
  Nations 
  as 
  " 
  Couchsachraga, 
  a 
  tract 
  lying 
  on 
  the 
  south- 
  

  

  