﻿COUNCILS 
  AND 
  CEREMONIES 
  OF 
  ADOPTION 
  OF 
  NEW 
  YORK 
  INDIANS 
  35 
  1 
  

  

  short 
  strings 
  of 
  purple 
  wampum 
  tied 
  to 
  the 
  stick, 
  one 
  end 
  of 
  each 
  

   being 
  left 
  free. 
  This 
  calls 
  a 
  condolence 
  for 
  a 
  principal 
  chief. 
  

   Figure 
  5 
  shows 
  the 
  seven 
  bunches 
  used 
  in 
  the 
  condolence, 
  to 
  be 
  men- 
  

   tioned 
  later. 
  There 
  are 
  other 
  appropriate 
  strings 
  used 
  in 
  this, 
  but 
  

   less 
  conspicuously. 
  In 
  the 
  present 
  scarcity 
  of 
  that 
  article 
  a 
  little 
  

   wampum 
  has 
  to 
  go 
  a 
  great 
  way, 
  and 
  it 
  is 
  long 
  since 
  belts 
  have 
  ap- 
  

   peared 
  at 
  councils 
  of 
  any 
  kind. 
  

  

  The 
  condoling 
  council 
  

  

  The 
  ceremony 
  of 
  lamenting 
  deceased 
  chiefs 
  and 
  installing 
  others 
  

   is 
  termed 
  a 
  condolence 
  by 
  the 
  Six 
  Nations 
  ; 
  in 
  Onondaga 
  Ho-te-ne- 
  

   ko-kah-na'-wax, 
  in 
  the 
  Seneca 
  dialect 
  Hen-nun-do-nuh'-seh. 
  

   Changed 
  as 
  it 
  is, 
  it 
  preserves 
  interesting 
  and 
  antique 
  features. 
  

   Wampum 
  calls 
  the 
  council 
  and 
  is 
  used 
  in 
  the 
  ceremonies. 
  The 
  

   old 
  songs 
  are 
  sung 
  and 
  addresses 
  made, 
  while 
  the 
  recital 
  of 
  the 
  

   original 
  chiefs' 
  names 
  and 
  virtues 
  is 
  a 
  prominent 
  feature. 
  The 
  

   elder 
  brothers, 
  the 
  Mohawks, 
  Onondagas 
  and 
  Senecas 
  still 
  condole 
  

   the 
  other 
  three, 
  or 
  are 
  comforted 
  by 
  them. 
  No 
  festal 
  music 
  is 
  

   heard, 
  no 
  drums 
  or 
  rattles, 
  for 
  there 
  is 
  no 
  rejoicing 
  till 
  the 
  places 
  

   of 
  the 
  dead 
  are 
  filled, 
  the 
  horns 
  again 
  put 
  on. 
  

  

  The 
  writer 
  has 
  attended 
  several 
  of 
  these 
  condolences, 
  publishing 
  

   accounts 
  of 
  some, 
  and 
  Mr 
  Horatio 
  Hale 
  has 
  given 
  a 
  good 
  account 
  

   of 
  one 
  in 
  Canada, 
  while 
  the 
  usual 
  songs 
  appear 
  in 
  his 
  Iroquois 
  Book 
  

   of 
  Rites, 
  the 
  original 
  and 
  translation 
  side 
  by 
  side. 
  A 
  fine 
  Canadian 
  

   copy 
  of 
  most 
  of 
  the 
  songs 
  is 
  in 
  the 
  writer's 
  hands 
  and 
  will 
  be 
  used 
  

   here, 
  partly 
  because 
  it 
  varies 
  somewhat 
  from 
  Hale's 
  version, 
  and 
  

   partly 
  because 
  the 
  words 
  are 
  divided 
  into 
  syllables. 
  It 
  is 
  from 
  the 
  

   same 
  original. 
  There 
  are 
  several 
  versions 
  known, 
  differing 
  but 
  

   little. 
  All 
  copies 
  of 
  the 
  longer 
  song 
  are 
  in 
  the 
  Mohawk 
  as 
  most 
  

   suited 
  for 
  singing. 
  The 
  numbers 
  used 
  are 
  a 
  mere 
  convenience. 
  

  

  As 
  the 
  Oneidas 
  and 
  Cayugas 
  have 
  no 
  reservations 
  or 
  council 
  

   house 
  in 
  New 
  York, 
  these 
  are 
  bound 
  to 
  them 
  for 
  condolences, 
  the 
  

   owners 
  becoming 
  visitors 
  for 
  the 
  time 
  being. 
  In 
  any 
  case 
  the 
  

   condoling 
  brothers 
  meet 
  at 
  some 
  distance 
  and 
  send 
  notice 
  of 
  their 
  

   approach. 
  When 
  ready 
  they 
  march 
  on, 
  with 
  a 
  low 
  chant, 
  that 
  of 
  

   the 
  roll 
  call, 
  find 
  their 
  afflicted 
  friends 
  by 
  the 
  wayside 
  fire, 
  return 
  

   the 
  invitation 
  wampum 
  and 
  sing 
  a 
  sympathetic 
  hymn. 
  

  

  