﻿422 
  NEW 
  YORK 
  STATE 
  MUSEUM 
  

  

  songs 
  of 
  joy 
  and 
  peace. 
  So, 
  likewise, 
  when 
  ye 
  were 
  sat 
  down, 
  they 
  

   sang 
  two 
  or 
  three 
  songs 
  of 
  peace 
  before 
  they 
  began 
  ye 
  treaty. 
  

   Mass. 
  Hist. 
  Soc. 
  Coll. 
  ser. 
  4, 
  1 
  :io6 
  

  

  A 
  symbolic 
  feature 
  was 
  added 
  later, 
  relating 
  to 
  the 
  number 
  of 
  

   the 
  Iroquois 
  nations. 
  Their 
  representatives 
  came 
  to 
  Albany, 
  August 
  

   24, 
  171 
  1. 
  "About 
  2 
  O'clock 
  in 
  ye 
  afternoon 
  the 
  5 
  Nations 
  came 
  

   all 
  down 
  from 
  the 
  Hill 
  passed 
  by 
  Her 
  Maj'tys 
  Fort 
  which 
  fired 
  5 
  

   Gunns 
  as 
  they 
  went 
  by." 
  These 
  salutes 
  were 
  always 
  expected 
  in 
  

   Canada, 
  and 
  in 
  1757 
  it 
  was 
  said: 
  "The 
  Five 
  Nations 
  are 
  the 
  only 
  

   ones 
  for 
  whose 
  reception 
  there 
  is 
  an 
  established 
  etiquette. 
  An 
  

   Interpreter 
  is 
  sent 
  to 
  meet 
  them, 
  who 
  presents 
  them 
  with 
  some 
  

   Strings 
  of 
  Wampum, 
  and 
  when 
  they 
  enter 
  the 
  'town 
  they 
  are 
  sa- 
  

   luted 
  by 
  five 
  discharges 
  of 
  cannon." 
  

  

  Other 
  quotations 
  might 
  be 
  made, 
  but 
  these 
  will 
  suffice 
  for 
  early 
  

   usages. 
  Until 
  quite 
  recently 
  this 
  reception 
  has 
  been 
  maintained 
  in 
  

   a 
  modified 
  form 
  on 
  great 
  occasions, 
  long 
  processions 
  meeting 
  and 
  

   escorting 
  distinguished 
  visitors 
  on 
  the 
  New 
  York 
  reservations. 
  At 
  

   the 
  last 
  general 
  council 
  held 
  with 
  the 
  United 
  States 
  at 
  Canan- 
  

   daigua, 
  in 
  1794, 
  the 
  Oneidas, 
  Onondagas 
  and 
  Cayugas 
  arrived 
  

   early. 
  October 
  14 
  Farmer's 
  Brother 
  and 
  his 
  Senecas 
  halted 
  4 
  miles 
  

   away, 
  to 
  dress 
  and 
  paint 
  for 
  their 
  entrance. 
  At 
  3 
  p.m. 
  they 
  were 
  

   welcomed 
  by 
  a 
  long 
  line 
  of 
  Oneidas, 
  Cayugas 
  and 
  Onondagas, 
  

   mutual 
  salutes 
  being 
  fired 
  as 
  they 
  passed 
  by. 
  All 
  afterward 
  formed 
  

   a 
  circle 
  around 
  the 
  commissioners, 
  who 
  were 
  addressed 
  by 
  the 
  

   Seneca 
  chief. 
  Two 
  days 
  later 
  Cornplanter's 
  band 
  was 
  received 
  

   with 
  similar 
  honors. 
  At 
  this 
  treaty 
  1600 
  Indians 
  were 
  present. 
  

   Good 
  cheer 
  helped 
  the 
  attendance, 
  but 
  there 
  were 
  other 
  reasons. 
  

   Sir 
  William 
  Johnson 
  reported 
  nearly 
  3000 
  Indians 
  at 
  the 
  treaty 
  of 
  

   1768 
  and 
  2320 
  at 
  that 
  of 
  1770. 
  

  

  Ceremonies 
  often 
  varied 
  in 
  councils. 
  Usually 
  tears 
  are 
  wiped 
  

   away, 
  good 
  wishes 
  exchanged, 
  thorns 
  taken 
  out 
  of 
  the 
  feet, 
  the 
  

   sun 
  restored 
  to 
  the 
  sky, 
  the 
  chain 
  of 
  friendship 
  brightened 
  and 
  

   graves 
  leveled 
  or 
  covered, 
  but 
  every 
  council 
  might 
  have 
  some 
  pe- 
  

   culiar 
  ceremony. 
  Sometimes 
  they 
  were 
  quite 
  informal, 
  but 
  this 
  

   was 
  rare. 
  No 
  speech 
  was 
  made 
  without 
  a 
  belt, 
  string, 
  or 
  other 
  

   present, 
  and 
  each 
  of 
  these 
  was 
  hung 
  up 
  in 
  the 
  sight 
  of 
  all. 
  If 
  the 
  

   speech 
  or 
  proposal 
  was 
  not 
  accepted, 
  the 
  belt 
  was 
  returned. 
  

   Speeches 
  were 
  often 
  intoned, 
  and 
  always 
  when 
  quoted. 
  When 
  

  

  