﻿43^ 
  NEW 
  YORK 
  STATE 
  MUSEUM 
  

  

  that 
  is 
  to 
  say 
  properly 
  in 
  the 
  Latin 
  tongue, 
  lo, 
  io 
  triumphe: 
  and 
  

   then, 
  E, 
  e, 
  he, 
  Gaiandere, 
  gaiandere, 
  O, 
  0, 
  ho, 
  Gaiandere, 
  gaiandere. 
  

   He 
  explained 
  what 
  he 
  meant 
  by 
  his 
  Gaiandere, 
  which 
  signifies 
  

   among 
  them 
  most 
  excellent 
  thing. 
  He 
  then 
  said 
  that 
  what 
  we 
  

   others 
  called 
  the 
  Faith 
  among 
  ourselves, 
  ought 
  to 
  be 
  called 
  Gaian- 
  

   dere 
  among 
  them, 
  and 
  in 
  order 
  to 
  signify 
  this 
  better 
  he 
  made 
  the 
  

   first 
  present 
  of 
  wampum. 
  

  

  The 
  early 
  French 
  writers 
  abound 
  in 
  accounts 
  of 
  the 
  pantomime 
  

   common 
  in 
  Indian 
  councils, 
  especially 
  those 
  of 
  the 
  Iroquois. 
  In 
  

   one 
  in 
  Canada, 
  held 
  with 
  the 
  Mofiawks 
  in 
  1645, 
  the 
  presents 
  were 
  

   hung 
  on 
  a 
  cord 
  between 
  two 
  poles, 
  and 
  Kiotsaeton 
  spoke. 
  "After 
  

   a 
  few 
  words 
  he 
  began 
  to 
  sing 
  and 
  his 
  comrades 
  responded. 
  He 
  

   promenaded 
  in 
  that 
  great 
  place 
  as 
  in 
  a 
  theater. 
  He 
  made 
  a 
  thou- 
  

   sand 
  gestures, 
  he 
  looked 
  at 
  the 
  sky, 
  he 
  faced 
  the 
  sun,, 
  he 
  rubbed 
  

   his 
  hands." 
  At 
  a 
  later 
  council 
  that 
  year, 
  " 
  This 
  discourse' 
  finished, 
  

   the 
  Iroquois 
  set 
  himself 
  to 
  sing 
  and 
  dance 
  ; 
  he 
  took 
  a 
  Frenchman 
  

   on 
  one 
  side, 
  an 
  Algonquin 
  and 
  Huron 
  on 
  the 
  other, 
  and 
  holding 
  

   themselves 
  all 
  bound 
  with 
  his 
  arms, 
  they 
  danced 
  in 
  cadence 
  and 
  

   sang 
  with 
  a 
  strong 
  voice 
  a 
  song 
  of 
  peace." 
  

  

  The 
  Relation 
  of 
  1656 
  tells 
  how 
  Garakontie, 
  the 
  principal 
  chief 
  

   of 
  the 
  Five 
  Nations, 
  expressed 
  his 
  feelings 
  at 
  an 
  Onondaga 
  council 
  

   that 
  year. 
  He 
  " 
  takes 
  the 
  Father 
  by 
  the 
  hand, 
  making 
  him 
  rise, 
  

   leads 
  him 
  into 
  the 
  midst 
  of 
  all 
  present, 
  throws 
  himself 
  on 
  his 
  neck, 
  

   embraces 
  him, 
  and 
  holding 
  in 
  his 
  hand 
  the 
  beautiful 
  collar, 
  makes 
  a 
  

   belt 
  of 
  it 
  for 
  him, 
  protesting 
  in 
  the 
  face 
  of 
  heaven 
  and 
  earth 
  that 
  

   he 
  wishes 
  to 
  embrace 
  the 
  Faith 
  as 
  he 
  embraces 
  the 
  Father." 
  All 
  

   councils 
  were 
  not 
  so 
  pleasant. 
  Lord 
  Bellomont 
  wrote 
  of 
  one 
  held 
  

   in 
  Albany, 
  August, 
  1700: 
  

  

  It 
  lasted 
  seven 
  or 
  eight 
  days, 
  and 
  was 
  the 
  greatest 
  fatigue 
  I 
  ever 
  

   underwent 
  in 
  my 
  whole 
  life. 
  I 
  was 
  shut 
  up 
  in 
  a 
  close 
  chamber 
  with 
  

   50 
  Sachems, 
  who 
  besides 
  the 
  stink 
  of 
  bear's 
  grease 
  with 
  which 
  they 
  

   plentifully 
  dawb'd 
  themselves, 
  were 
  continually 
  either 
  smoaking 
  

   tobacco 
  or 
  drinking 
  drams 
  of 
  rum. 
  O'Callaghan, 
  4:714 
  

  

  Many 
  instances 
  of 
  this 
  kind 
  show 
  that 
  while 
  Indian 
  councils 
  were 
  

   dignified 
  they 
  were 
  not 
  always 
  solemn. 
  Humorous 
  and 
  witty 
  

   speeches 
  were 
  greatly 
  enjoyed 
  and 
  the 
  Indian 
  loved 
  laughter 
  as 
  well 
  

   as 
  the 
  white 
  man. 
  A 
  very 
  broad 
  hint 
  they 
  thought 
  not 
  incompatible 
  

   with 
  serious 
  business. 
  In 
  1721 
  they 
  said 
  to 
  George 
  Burnet: 
  

  

  Being 
  informed 
  that 
  your 
  Excellency 
  is 
  marryed 
  at 
  New 
  York, 
  

   We 
  beg 
  leave 
  to 
  acquaint 
  you, 
  that 
  We 
  are 
  glad 
  of 
  it, 
  and 
  wish 
  you 
  

  

  