ANNIVERSARY ADDRESS OF THE PRESIDENT. 49 



Tertiary deposits of England with those of France ; likewise the 

 memoir in which he compared our English Chalk with that of his 

 own country. His chief stratigraphical labours lay among the 

 Tertiary and Cretaceous formations of the Paris basin. AVe owe to 

 his sagacious observations the subdivision of the Chalk into zones, 

 and the employment of these zones in tracing out the folds into 

 which the younger Secondary rocks have been thrown. He ex- 

 tended his researches among the Cretaceous formations from the 

 downs of England to the shores of the Mediterranean and the 

 Black Sea. But there was hardly a section of the geological 

 record which he had not studied, and to the interpretation of which 

 he did not contribute some important suggestion. At one time he 

 might be found comparing the Jurassic succession of France with 

 that of Scandinavia ; at another time discussing the pre-Cambrian 

 and older Palaeozoic rocks. His clear insight and calm judgment 

 were especially valuable in the treatment of questions which have 

 given rise to much controversy. And in this respect I may par- 

 ticularly refer to his deliberate verdict, reiterated in 1886, as to the 

 relative positions of the Cambrian and Silurian systems. 



Hebert's position was freely acknowledged to be that of the 

 leading geologist in his native country. He was chosen a member 

 of the Institute of France, and honorary dean of the Faculty of 

 Sciences. He received the ribbon of Commander of the Legion of 

 Honour. He was three times elected President of the Geological 

 Society of France. Many foreign Societies did themselves honour 

 by enrolling him among their associates. Our own Society made 

 him a Foreign Correspondent in 1863, and a Foreign Member in 

 1874, while in 1879 it conferred on him the Lyell Medal. He died 

 on the 4th April, 1890, at the age of 78 years. 



By the death of Alphonse Favre, Switzerland has been deprived 

 of one of her most illustrious men of science, who worthily held 

 aloft the torch of Alpine exploration first kindled by Benedict de 

 Saussure, and handed on by Escher von der Liuth and Studer. Born 

 in 1815 amid scenery that presents vi\idly to the eye some of the 

 great facts of geology, he was early led to study this science, and 

 he pursued its cultivation with so much ardour and success, 

 that in 1844 ho became Professor of Geology in the Academy of 

 Geneva. In 1840 he set himself to the serious investigation of the 

 complicated structure of the Central Alps, and next year established 

 the important fact that the apparent infra-position of Jurassic lime- 



