ESTHERIA ELLIPTIC A. 103 



comparatively unfossiliferous in its lower division. This bed is well seen in the coast- 

 section at Haiburn and Stainton Dale cliffs, where it becomes more sandy and passes 

 into the ' block-sandstone ' which rests upon the Millepore-bed. Mr. Leckenby collected 

 Cypris ? concentrica. Bean, from the clays of this bed at Gristhorpe, where it is about 

 ten feet thick." 



Mr. Leckenby informs me (January 26th, 1861) that he has collected some three or 

 four specimens of the fossil in question, and that Mr. Bean says that he may have 

 found in all above a dozen examples. They have been found, he observes, in the bed 

 No. 19 of Dr. Wright's list, the rich deposit of fossil ferns at Gristhorpe Bay, also 

 in bed No. 25, both at Gristhorpe and north of Scarborough, and, "in short, wherever 

 plants have been found, the ' Cypris ' has been found, although most rarely, associated 

 with them." 



The finest specimens collected by Mr. Bean (figs. 13 — 17) are now in the British 

 Museum ; and, excepting some specimens of E. minuta from Pendock, are the best- 

 preserved carapaces of fossil Estheria that I have seen. In size they greatly surpass 

 these Triassic specimens ; but they have theu' equals in that respect, and their superiors 

 as to beauty of outline and ornament, in several of the Estherlcs figured and described in 

 this Monograph. Few, however, if any, surpass them in geological interest — existing 

 witnesses, as they are, of the old freshwater conditions of this portion of the European 

 Jurassic area. 



12. EsTHERiA ELLiPTiCA, Dunher. PI. Ill, figs. 18 — 29; and PI. IV, figs. I — 7. 



Cyclas subquadrata, Sowerby. Fitton's 'Strata below the Chalk,' Trans. Geo). Soc, 



2nd series, vol iv, part 2, 1836, p. 177 and p. 34.5, pi. 

 21, fig. 8. 



EsTHEKiA ELLIPTICA, Bunker. Programm hoh. Gewerbschule Cassel, 1843, p. 41 ; Stud. 



Getting. Ver. bergmann. Freunde, vol v, part 2 (1843?), 

 p. 175; Monographic Norddeutsch. Wealdenbildung, 

 1846, p. 61, pi. 13, fig. 33. 

 — SUBQUADRATA, BunJcer. Stud, bergm. /. c; Monogr., p. 62. 



English. Adult German form. Young German form. Suborbicular variety. 



Height... ||-inch 4^^ inch 3% inch || inch S^\ 



Length... -r'2 „ -f-l „ -f-^ „ i| „ tV 



Proportion 19 to 26, or 1:11— 10 to 16, or 1 : 1|+ 23 to 38,or 1 : 1|+ 15 to 22,or 1 : l-i— 33 to36,or 1 : 1 + 



Carapace-valves more or less elliptical or oval, sometimes suboblong. The two 

 extremities are nearly equally curved in outline. In our English specimens (var. 

 subquadrata, PI. Ill, figs. 18 — 27), which are suboblong, sometimes the one end and 

 sometimes the other appears to have the boldest curve, but the frequently crushed state 

 of the valves makes this an uncertain feature. The well-preserved German specimens 



