GRAPTOLITES OF NEW YORK, PART 2 41 



Diplograptus peosta Hall, is in New York State not a Utica but a 

 Lorraine fossil and that the others are species which here apparently range 

 through the greater part of the Utica shale and partly beyond it. It is 

 therefore very probable, from this evidence at least, that the Maquoketa 

 shale is equivalent only to the last part of our Utica shale and to a part of 

 our Lorraine. In this connection it is also important to note that the 

 characteristic Utica shale graptolite, Climacograptus typicalis, 

 which in its typical expression is not present in the Maquoketa shale, is 

 reported by Winchell and Schuchert [op. cit. p. 82] from the Galena lime- 

 stone at Mantorville and Weisbach's dam near Spring Valley, Minn., and 

 listed by Winchell and Ulrich [ibid. p.CXI] as occurring in the Fusispira 

 and Nematopora beds, i. e. at about the middle of the Galena dolomite. 

 Since this form has not yet been observed below the Utica shale in the 

 east, its earlier occurrence in the west suggests either that it migrated into 

 the Utica shale region of the east from the northwest, which is contradictory 

 to other evidence or that some of the upper Galena beds may be already of 

 the age of our Utica shale which though apparently not supported by a 

 comparison of the Galena and Utica litoral faunas is possible in view of the 

 very different facies of the two and the corresponding differences in the 

 faunal aspects. In such a case, it would be just the pelagic forms such as 

 the graptolites from which we would expect positive evidence of synchrony. 



Finally, the deposition of graptolitiferous shales seems also to have 

 persisted into Utica time in the basin of Arkansas, where already the Beek- 

 mantown and Trenton graptolite zones are represented ; at least, a slab of 

 the National Museum collection [loc. 1243B] with Corynoides cf. 

 curtus Lapworth, Climacograptus typicalis and Diplo- 

 graptus sp. and the abundance of Climacrograptus pu till us in 

 another locality [Center sec. 13, 35, 17W] would suggest such an occur- 

 rence; and Dr Ulrich has even found in Indian Territory [see posted] a. 

 small graptolite fauna in shales overlying a bed with a Richmond fauna. 



In Europe we find the equivalent of the Utica shale in the zone of 

 Pleurograptus linearis. As stated before, it is probable that the two are 



