GRAPTOLITES OF NEW YORK, PART 2 45 



be also due to the greater age of the eastern Utica beds and their absence 

 farther west, where they are probably represented by the lowest Trenton 

 limestone. 



4 Lorraine beds 



The Lorraine beds, which term is here used to include both the Frank- 

 fort and Lorraine shales, are according to their graptolite fauna but little 

 differentiated from the Utica shale ; they contain little more than a relict 

 fauna of the Utica shale and are- bound closely to it by transitional beds. 



The fauna of the Frankfort shale (subzone of Glossograptus quadri- 

 mucronatus mut. postremus) as represented at Waterford and Mechanicville, 

 consists of : 



Corynoides curtus Lapworth Glossograptus quadrimucronatus mut. post- 



Diplograptus foliaceus mut. vespertinus remus nov. 



nov. Climacograptus putillus ( H all) 



The fauna of the Lorraine shale (subzone of Diplograptus foliaceus 

 mut. vespertinus and Diplograptus peosta) consists in the Black river 

 region of : 

 Diplograptus foliaceus mut. vespertinus nov. Diplograptus peosta Hall 



The faunule of the Frankfort shales is characterized by the gerontic 

 character of its mutations of D ip log rapt u s foliaceus and Glosso- 

 graptus quadrimucronatus as being in a decadent stage ; that of 

 the Lorraine beds of the northwestern part of the State possesses in 

 Diplograptus peosta a new element. This species has been here 

 currently identified with Diplograptus amplexicaulis 1 and it 

 seems indeed to be in its habit and character essentially a smaller D . 

 ampl e x i c a u 1 i s . 



If the latter is the correct conception, this form would constitute 

 another case of the reappearance of Trenton forms in the Lorraine beds. 



The Lorraine shale, the typical exposure of which is in the Lorraine 

 gorge south of Watertown in northwestern New York, is restricted to the 



'James, Walcott, Whitfield and Hovey, Ruedemann, see under D . peosta. 



