GRAPTOLITES OK NEW YORK, PART 2 423 



graptolite. According to Freeh it occurs in the second and third zones 

 (Monogr. gregarius and M. convolutus) of the Siluric of Ostrogothia 

 (Motala), Westrogothia and Bornholm ; in Germany it is found near Gor- 

 litz in Silesia and in Thuringia ; from the Bohemian stage Ee, it has been 

 recorded by Marr, and Perner assigns it to the so called Colonies Haidinger, 

 d' Archiac and Karlik with Monogr. b e c k i , M . spiralis, etc. ; in 

 Great Britain Lapworth has found it in the upper Hartfell shales (third 

 zone, of Dicellogr. anceps, etc.) of the Moffat series; the var. normal is 

 in the Scottish Birkhill shales, and the Llandovey beds of Wales and the 

 west of England, and abundantly in Coalpit bay in Ireland. It is also 

 known from France (Anjou), Belgium (Gembloux, etc.), Russian Poland 

 (Kielce), China, where v. Richthofen collected it on the south slope of the 

 Lunschan, Prow Kiangsu. Probably also the diprionic graptolites figured 

 by Katzer from the quartzites of the Maecuru (basin of Amazonas) are as 

 Freeh mentions to be identified with this species. 1 



C. scalar is was well established in the Baltic basin, Bohemian- 

 Mediterranean basin and the different parts of the Atlantic basin, as demon- 

 strated by the occurrences in Europe and Maine and eventually that in 

 Brazil. It also occupied the western Pacific ocean, but strangely enough it 

 has not been found anywhere in the Clinton deposits of the eastern 

 Mississippian sea. 



Remarks. The history of this species has been briefly given by Lap- 

 worth [1877; sec also Tullberg, 1882, and Tornquist, 1891, 1897] and Torn- 

 quist [1893] has worked out most elaborately the internal structure of the 

 rhabdosome by means of thin sections. From Lapworth's remarks we learn 

 that the form figured by Linne as Graptolithus scalaris was a 



1 They are associated with a Monograptus and agree well in form and dimensions of 

 rhabdosome, form and arrangement of thecae with the specimens here identified with C. 

 scalaris. Katzer's figures 5, 6, 7 show the variations in the septal suture, also noticed 

 in this description and figures 3, 4, 8 exhibit the opposite position of the thecae that is 

 only possible where two separate series of thecae are developed. The peculiar, recurving 

 apertural parts of figure 8 mar indicate a form like C . u n d ulat u s Kurck with globular 

 apertural protuberances. 



