4q6 Memoirs of the Indian Museum. [Vol. V, 



1861. Mugil belanak, Günther, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., Ill, p. 427. 



1878. Mugil belanak, Day, Fish. Ind., p. 351, pi. lxxiv, fig. 5. 



1889. Mugil belanak, Id., Faun. Brit. Ind., Fish., II, p. 345. 



1905. Mugil belanak, Fowler, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. Philadel., LVII, p. 494, fig. 9. 



Russell's figure and description of his Bontah (pi. clxxx), which he wrongly 

 identified as M. cephalus, h. } was adopted by Swainson in 1839 as representing his 

 M. gymnocephalus. This name has, therefore, priority over the rest. Russell's name 

 Bontah was adopted by Bleaker for his Mugil bontah l , but the latter placed speci- 

 mens of another species under that name. 1 Day was misled by Russell's adoption 

 of the name Mugil cephalus for his Bontah into the belief that this species was identi- 

 cal with Mugil our, Forskâl. 



There is only one specimen in the collection. It measures 88 mm. in length and 

 was obtained in the latter part of July, 1913. The fish is a casual visitor to the 

 lake. 



Distribution : — Seas of India ; coasts and rivers of the East Indian Archipelago ; 

 Malay Archipelago. 



Mugil cunnesius, Cuvier and Valenciennes. 



1803. Mugil sp. (Kunnesee), Rüssel, Fish. Vizag. II, p. 65, pi. clxxxi. 



1836. Mugil cunnesius,, Cuvier and Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., XI, p. 114. 



1837. Mugil cunnesius, Ruppell, Neu. Wirbel. Fisch., p. 131. 



1839. Mugil squamipinnis, Swainson, Gardner's Cab. Cyclop Nat. Hist. (Fish. Amph Rep.), II, p. 414. 



1845. Mugil cunnesius, Bleeker, Nat. Geneesk. Arch. Ned. Ind., II, p. 514. 



1849. Mugil cunnesius, Cantor, Journ. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, p. 1082. 



1858. Mugil axillaris, Bleeker, Nat. Tijdsch. Ned. Ind., XVI, p. 280. 



1861. Mugil longimanus, Günther, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., Ill, p. 428. 



1861. Mugil cunnesius, Id., ibid., p. 434. 



1865. Mugil engli, Day, Fish. Malabar, p. 139. 



1878. Mugil cunnesius, Day, Fish. Ind., p. 349, pi. lxxiv, fig. 3. 



1889. Mugil cunnesius, Id., Faun. Brit. Ind. Fish., II, p. 342 . 



1909. Mugil cunnesius, Jenkins, Rec. Ind. Mus., Ill, p. 287. 



1910. Mugil cunnesius, Id., ibid., V, p. 133. 



There are one hundred and seventy-six specimens in the collection. Of these 

 one hundred and seventy four are very young, measuring from 35 mm. to 70 mm., 

 and the remaining two are adult : viz. one from Satpara measuring 118 mm. in length, 

 and one from Barkul measuring 129 mm. in length. The young specimens were 

 caught in prawn -traps and nets during the third week of September, 1914. This fish 

 evidently breeds in the lake, probably from the beginning of the breaking up of the 

 monsoons. Cantor noted the young to be numerous at all seasons at Penang. The 

 fish is a permanent inhabitant of the lake, in the main area as well as in the outer 

 channel, breeding freely in the main area, at least at the commencement of the rains 

 if not at " all seasons." 



1 Bleeker, Verh. Bat. Genoot., XXV, p. 48 (1853). 



% Bleeker, Nat. Tijdsch. Ned. Ind., XIII, p. 336 (1857). 



