128 BIRDS OF INDIA. 



Hodgson's characters with some slight alterations. Kaup allots 

 Hodorson's eenus Urrua to the next two birds, viz., 70 and 71, but B. 

 be)iga/ensis was the type of this genus, whilst Huhua had Nepalensis 

 for its type. Kaup, keep Biiho for the present bird, as well as 

 for the great horned Owl of Europe, in which I have not followed 

 him, but adopt Urrua. In this, I think, 1 am confirmed by finding 

 that Bubo ascalaphus, so close to our species, is made into a distinct 

 genus, Ascalaphia, Is Geoffr., adopted by Bonaparte, which, if 

 identical, has the priority. It is a much less powerful and 

 less rapacious bird than either of the two next, is more diurnal 

 in its habits, and has orange yellow irides. In this point, indeed, 

 it agrees Avith Bubo maximus, which, however, is a much larger 

 and more robust form, and has a comparatively shorter and stouter 

 tarsus and toes ; the bill, too, is shorter and stronger, and its ears 

 are much smaller than in Urrua. Its style of coloring, however, 

 is much that of our Bengalensis. 



69. Urrua Bengalensis, Franklin. 



Otus, apud Franklin, P. Z. S. 1831 — Sykes, Cat. 18 — 

 Gould, Cent. Him. Birds, Ph 3 — Blyth, Cat. 143— Horsf., 

 Cat. 88 — Jerdon, Cat. 43 — U. Cavearia, Hodgson — Ghughu^ 

 H. — Gubar, Mahr. — Hokra CMl, in the Doon — Yerra gudla 

 guba, Tel. — Kotang, Tem. 



The Rock horned Owl. 



Descr, — Above, head and neck bright tawny yellow ; the 

 feathers with long and wide streaks of rich dark brown ; forehead 

 nearly brown black, with a few narrow pale markings ; aigrettes 

 deep brown, edged fulvous ; rest of the upper plumage rich deep 

 brown, mottled and barred with fulvous, pale and whitish on the 

 wing coverts and tertiaries ; quills rich deep tawny, with brown 

 bars, dusky at the tip ; tail tawny, with brown bars and mottlings, 

 centre feathers brown, with pale mottled bars ; beneath, whitish 

 on the throat, the rest pale fulvous, the feathers broadly dashed 

 on the breast with dark brown, and on the abdomen, flanks, and 

 thigh feathers (externally,) both streaked and cross-banded ; vent 

 and tarsal feathers pale fulvous, unmarked, or only slightly barred ; 



