C. A. Goessmann on the Onondaga Mineral Springs, 213 
local geological investigations must decide upon their value. 
In entering upon considerations of the above questions I se- 
lected two springs from an elevation several miles distant from 
the brine-bearing district, two in its immediate vicinity and a 
sample of average brine of the Syracuse district. 
The samples were as follows: 
, From a well at the north of a hill where, formerly, numbers 
of pseudomorphs of chlorid of sodium had been found; the well 
terminated in a hard clayish shale. 
6, From a well situated midway between the former and the 
brine-furnishing locality ; the well terminated in the red clay of 
t nondaga Salt Group. Both wells were at least from forty 
to fifty feet above the level of the lake. é 
a spring within the brine-producing district, at a 
height of about ten feet above the level of the lake. 
d, From a spring in close proximity to c, and at the same ele- 
vation. 
e, A brine from the vicinity of springs ¢ and d. 
a. Water from a well (47 feet deep) on Willow street near the 
corner of Catharine street, in the city of Syracuse. 
e well from which this water was collected is situated in 
the vicinity of one of those spots (James street height) where, 
some years ago, while workmen were engaged in grading James 
street, a considerable number of pseudomorphs of chlorid of 
sodium were found. Serpentine was also discoverd not far off. 
Two prominent hills, of which the most conspicuous is known 
as “Prospect Hill,” intervene between that locality and the quite 
abrupt descent of the high grounds around the east and south- 
west side of the former lake bed—our present brine-furnishing 
district. In sinking this well, (Nov., 1863,) a layer of gravel- 
bearing loamy soil of ten feet thick was passed, then twelve feet 
of crumbled green shale, and lastly twenty-five feet of a har 
light green clayish shale. The water usually stands fourteen 
The ground perforated by this well is probably fifty feet 
above the level of the lake, and about two and a half miles from 
the nearest salt well. : 
One thousand parts of this water contained— 
Calcium, - - 2302 parts. 
Magnesium, - - - 00359 
ee 
ili - + - - ‘ 
hI - - - - 00156 
re (not determined) ee. , 
