160 8 8J. Wyman on living organisms in heated water. 
ham and Spallanzanni. It is in all respects more simple and 
easier than that in which the apparatus is complicated with a 
heated tube. This last beyond a question destroys all organ- 
isms contained in the air whigh enter the flask through it, but is 
without effect on such as may be contained in the solution, or 
adhere to the inner surface of the glass. These come in contact 
only with boiling water or steam, “and unless destroyed by one 
or the other of these, would be sufficient to vitiate any exper: 
iment, however careful the adjustment and heating of the tube 
may have been. We therefore believe that oat _ is an unne- 
cessary and useless complication of the appara 
Exp. VI.—Six flasks prepared as above, std containing from 
5 to 8 c. c. of beef juice and water were boiled 30 minutes. The 
albuminous matter was coagulated, but the fluid portion became =| 
perfectly transparent. The contents became turbid and an infu- 
sorial film was formed in four of the flasks on the 7th day, and 
a few days afterwards in the others. = 
Exp. VII.—Six flasks, each containing about 1 gram of beef 
and 5 ¢. ¢. of water were boiled 30 minutes. An infasorial film 
was formed on the surface of all of test on or before the 7th day. 
Exp. VIII.—A single flask containing a few grains of finely 
ground bean flour and 5 ¢. ¢. of water was boiled 48 minutes. 
The mixture became filled with Vibrios on the 4th day. 
Exp. 1X.—Six flasks containing beef juice and waterwere =| 
thaited 30 minutes. A thick infusorial film was formed inallof =} 
them on or before the 7th day. eS 
Exp. X.—Six flasks containing each a few milligrams of = : 
and 5c. c. of water were boiled 30 minutes. An infusorial film 
was formed on all on or before the 17th da t 
In the preceding experiments of this series, the boiling was 
continued thirty minutes ip four, and forty-eight in the oe 
The followin peperinients were made for the purpose of asc 
sri Bs whether prolonged boiling would be attended with a re 
Bap, XL XL_Five flasks, each containing a few grains of beef, 
and about 5 ¢. c. of water were prepared as in the precolin a ex 
periments; one was boiled 32 soem one 50 minutes, an 
other three 1 hour and 20 min ach. 
An infusorial film ead in men first on the 2d day, im the 
second on the 6th 6th day, in one of those boiled 1 hour and 20 
minutes on the 8th, an ‘in the others on the 10th. All were ex 
amined and found to contain Vibrios and Bacteriums ; and in 
dition the first and and second contained the “ myeloid su 
—Twenty-t 
