i : a pee 
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xs 
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Ss a ae RE Ee eR eS Pore a OE noe TNE et he ee ae 
relations of the Human Hand. 47 
e ulna is now wholly upon the inner side of the fore- 
arm and corresponds to the ly while the radius corresponds to 
the fibula; their variations as to size and shape and their being 
soldered figwthieet in many species are all teleological modifica- 
tions and ought not to enter into the discussion of a morpholo- 
gical relation. 
24. The thumb is thus left upon the outer side of the hand 
and corresponds by position with the little toe, while the little jin- 
Ze is upon he used eh and corresponds with the e great toe. 
5. These ences are, in my opinion, the true homol- 
une spe the Rlaiod between the ulna and fibula, the radius 
and tibia, the thumb and great toe are merely analogies and de- 
pendent upon teleological modifications. 
The 
review of the later European memoirs upon the aba but in the hope 
that we may shortly be favored with the views of Prof. Jeffries Wyman 
upon the important questions involved, the writer confines himself for the 
present to the foregoing abstract with the following additions as the re- 
sult of subsequent investigations. 
A. The conclusion reached as to the normal position and ho- 
mology of the thumb, though contrary to the common > SEPA 
is confirmed by all ener morphological consideratio 
B. The lack of exact correspondence a the Chip! and 
tarsal bones in most peach and between the nerves and the 
arteries in the human hand and foot vires ‘lions they have been 
compared, is ae to sole oe modifications, the necessity for 
which is yet to be 
he = the number of phalanges, which has — 
C.. 
alwa: Ton looked u as a very essential distinction between 
the thumb and great toe and the other digits, is really, like a 
a For & forcible statement of the necessity for distinguishing between the natural 
titude and the normal position of animals, see Agassiz’s contributions to iis Net. 
Hist. of U. S., vol. iii, part 1, p. 78; throws get ight spn ts relion 
‘a 
